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Red Wing, Goodhue County, Minnesota
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Scientific advice for poultry farmers: Direct sunshine is crucial for chicks to build strong skeletons and prevent leg weakness caused by indoor rearing. Recommend early outdoor exposure on sunny days or alternatives like cod liver oil if weather prevents it.
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Sunshine if you want them to grow rapidly and strong. Scientists say that leg weakness in chicks reared indoors is caused, not by the wrong feed, but by the lack of direct sunshine which enables them to use their food in building a good strong skeleton. And by direct sunshine they mean sunshine that has not lost most of its effect by being sifted through glass or cloth. Leg-weakness is at the seat of many chick troubles, preventing sufficient exercise and making it difficult for the chicks to secure their feed.
It is therefore important that the chicks be allowed outdoors on the sunny days as early as possible. A little while each day is better than not at all. A small yard can be provided so as to simplify getting them back into the house when desired.
If, because of cold weather, the chicks cannot be outdoors, the windows should be opened at the bottom so as to allow the entrance of the sun's rays without interference.
Green stuff such as clover sods that have been grown in the sunshine, yolks of eggs laid by hens that have been on range, and crude cod liver oil, fed at about 1 to 2 per cent of the ration will help to make up for the lack of sunshine, but most poultry keepers will prefer to use sunshine whenever possible.
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Scientists explain that leg weakness in indoor-reared chicks results from lack of direct sunshine, which is needed to utilize food for strong skeletons. Recommendations include outdoor exposure on sunny days, opening windows in cold weather, or supplements like cod liver oil.