Phenix Gazette

LATE FROM RIO DE JANEIRO.

Baltimore, April 8—The fast sailing brig Harriet, captain W. Spear, arrived yesterday from Rio de Janeiro, whence she sailed on the 27th Feb. It will be seen by the letter under the commercial head, that the Emperor and Empress had sailed for Bahia, with a view of conciliating the inhabitants. The Mohawk, capt. Pullen, of this port, passed through the blockading squadron with Brazilian colors flying and proceeded to Buenos Ayres.

The following letter from an intelligent gentleman of this city, now in Montevideo will be found interesting:

"Montevideo, 12th January.—I arrived at this port on the night of the 4th inst. I had no opportunity of speaking any vessel from the River, and consequently was entirely ignorant of the state of the country—Before coming to anchor we were boarded by an officer from the guard ship, and informed of the blockade of Buenos Ayres, which had only taken place two weeks before. You will, ere this, be apprised by the papers from this country, of the causes which have precipitated this event, so unexpected to all of us. The blockade of the Brazilians has been followed by a DECLARATION OF WAR by the Government of Buenos Ayres, on the 2d of this month, and there is every probability of its being protracted one or two years —It will probably be carried on with considerable rancour, and the consequences to the Emperor of Brazil, in the end, will be either to overthrow his power entirely, or to shake it to its foundation.—If I had arrived 20 days earlier my voyage would have been one of the best ever made from the United States The crop of WHEAT has failed at Buenos Ayres, and if I were there now, I could readily obtain from 20 to 25 dollars per barrel for my Flour, free of duty and all my cargo in proportion. Sugars, which cost in the United States about 12 to 14 dollars, will bring from 35 to $40 per cwt— The latest accounts from the Pacific are favorable, and quote Flour at 12 dollars on board."

COMMERCIAL.

Rio de Janeiro, 14th Feb. 1826.—Since the commencement of the year, there have arrived 15,096 bbls. of Flour by 10 American vessels from the United States, direct and via Pernambuco and Bahia—about 9,000 bbls. have proceeded round Cape Horn, on advices from Lima of 6th November, when it was in demand at 15 a 16 dollars on board—a number of cargoes however appear to have cleared lately from the United States for that quarter, and others destined for Buenos Ayres being turned off by the Brazilian blockading squadron, will probably take the same course, affording an ample supply to that coast, and rendering the prospects rather discouraging for the present Several cargoes are daily expected here, and we have no idea that any of them will go further in quest of a market, we shall therefore probably soon labour under the disadvantages of an overstock, at reduced prices—The quantity now on hand is about 7000 bbls. and sales very languid at 8 a 9—As yet there have not arrived any considerable parcels of Wheat from Europe, but several cargoes are expected, as well as from Chili and New South Wales, which will affect the sales of American flour very sensibly—It is impossible to form a just idea of what may be the state of our market a few months hence as it depends entirely on the quantities of Wheat and Flour that may be on sale—and we can therefore only recommend the attention of our friends to what may be shipping hither from the United States as the best guide to go by.

The Baltimore Flour this season has proved; at least, equally fair as the Richmond and preferred by many of the Bakers, being free from a taint of smut or rust which the latter possesses, originating no doubt in the field. Codfish has not yet appeared in any quantity, and a cargo of good Nova Scotia would bring $9 Spanish brandy is in demand and small supply - Wines, Oils, Cordage, Iron, Beeswax, Potash, Sperm. Candles, Soap, Sail Cloth, Chairs, Beef, Pork, and Naval Stores, are in plenty, and no improvement expected in prices for some time. Brown Shirtings are enquired for, and would bring 170 reis for 27 inches and 210 for 40. Vessels bound to this port, or touching here on any occasion, must now be provided with an exact manifest of their cargoes, certified by the Brazilian Consul, besides a Bill of Health—no other Consular certificate is required.

Owing to the bar of sand thrown by the sea across the entrance of the river at Campos, the coasting craft cannot pass, and there are at present about 70 of them that had previously arrived there for cargoes of sugars, which cannot get out again, even in ballast. It is quite uncertain when the navigation may be re-opened: meanwhile we are deprived of that important article of export, and from Santos but few have yet appeared, new orders being received there for purchases on foreign account, which prevents their shipment hither. Common coffee is rather abundant and little in request, but first quality is scarce, and meets with ready sale.- Light hides are in plenty, and not much in demand—good heavy, freely command quotations.

The existing hostilities between this country and the United Provinces of the River Plate must eventually cause a considerable advance in the price of this article, as the inhabitants of Rio Grande will be interrupted in their operations, and none will be allowed to come from Buenos Ayres. Our last advices thence are 5th ult. Imports, generally, had risen, and groceries about 10 per cent within a very short period. · Flour was quoted at $18 on shore.- Our last advices from Pernambuco are 25th ult. when it was dull at $8; and Bahia 28th ult. $7. Monte Video 10th ult. $7½.

The Emperor and Empress sailed the 3d instant in the line of battle ship Pedro Primeiro for Bahia, for the purpose of conciliating the good will of the inhabitants of that place. They purpose being back again about the 1st of April.

It is generally believed that Exchange on London will fall perhaps to 61 a 50 d. 'ere many weeks, unless sugars come forward abundantly from Campos.

Your most obedient servants.

Since the above was written, there have arrived the Hamlet, from New York via Pernambuco, with 569 bbls. Flour; Tuscaloosa, from Baltimore 1700; Charlotte Corday, from Baltimore via Bermuda, 927; Swiftsure from Alexandria, 1784; and the Horatio. from Richmond, 2350; altogether 7380 bbls. Sales are almost at a stand, and we fear a considerable decline in price will take place.