Kentucky Gazette And General Advertiser

CONVENTION

Between the United States of America, and his highness Hamet Caramalli, Bashaw of Tripoli.

GOD IS INFINITE.

Article I. There shall be a firm & permanent peace and free intercourse between the government of the United States of America, and his highness Hamet Caramalli, bashaw, the legitimate sovereign of the kingdom of Tripoli, and between the citizens of the one and the subjects of the other.

Art. II. The government of the United States shall use their utmost exertions, so far as comports with their own honour and interest, their subsisting treaties, and the acknowledged laws of nations, to re-establish the said Hamet Bashaw in the possession of his sovereignty of Tripoli, against the pretensions of Joseph Bashaw, who obtained said sovereignty by treason, and who now holds it by usurpation, and who is engaged in actual war against the United States.

Art. III. The United States shall, as circumstances may require, in addition to the operations they are carrying on by sea, furnish the said Hamet Bashaw on loan, supplies of cash, ammunition, and provisions, and if necessary require, debarkations of troops, also to aid and give effect to the operations of the said Hamet Bashaw by land against the common enemy.

Art. IV. In consideration of which friendly offices, once rendered effectual, his highness Hamet Caramalli Bashaw, engages on his part to release to the commander in chief of the forces of the United States, in the Mediterranean, without ransom, all American prisoners who are or may hereafter be in the hands of the usurper, said Joseph Bashaw.

Art. V. In order to indemnify the United States against all expense they have or shall incur in carrying into execution their engagements expressed in the 2d and 3d articles of this convention, the said Hamet Bashaw transfers to, and consigns to the United States, the tribute stipulated by his last treaties of his majesty the king of Denmark, his majesty the king of Sweden, and the Batavian republick, as the condition of peace with the regency of Tripoli, until such time as said expense shall be reimbursed.

Art. VI. In order to carry into full effect the stipulation expressed in the preceding article, said Hamet Bashaw pledges his faith and honour, faithfully to observe and fulfil the treaties now subsisting between the regency of Tripoli and their majesties the kings of Denmark & Sweden, and with the Batavian republick.

Art. VII. In consideration of the friendly disposition of his majesty the king of the two Sicilies, towards the American squadron, his highness Hamet Bashaw invites his said Sicilian majesty to renew their ancient friendship, and proffers him a peace on the footing of that to be definitively concluded with the United States of America, in the fullest extent of its privileges, according to the tenor of this convention.

Art. VIII. The better to give effect to the operations to be carried on by land in the prosecution of the plan, and the attainment of the object pointed out by this convention, William Eaton, a citizen of the United States, now in Egypt, shall be recognized as general and commander in chief of the land forces which are or may be called into service against the common enemy.-- And his aid highness Hamet Bashaw engages that his own subjects shall respect and obey him as such.

Art. IX. His highness said Hamet Bashaw grants full amnesty and perpetual oblivion towards the conduct of all such of his subjects as may have been seduced by the usurper to abandon his cause, and who are disposed to return to their proper allegiance.

Art. X. In case of future war between the contracting parties, captives on each side shall be treated as prisoners of war, and not as slaves, and shall be entitled to reciprocal and equal exchange, man for man, and grade for grade, and in no case shall a ransom be demanded for prisoners of war, nor a tribute required, as the condition of peace, neither on the one part nor on the other --All prisoners on both sides shall be given up at the conclusion of peace.

Art. XI. The American consular flag in Tripoli: shall for ever be a sacred asylum, to all persons who shall desire to take refuge under it, except for the crimes of treason and murder.

Art. XII. In case of the faithful observance and fulfilment on the part of his highness, said Hamet Bashaw, of the agreements and obligations herein stipulated, the aid commander in chief of the American forces in the Mediterranean, engages to leave said Hamet Bashaw, in the peaceable possession of the city and regency,

without dismantling its batteries.

Art. XIII. Any article suitable to be introduced in a definitive treaty of peace, between the contracting parties, which may not be comprised in this convention, shall be reciprocally on the footing of the treaties subsisting with the most favored nations.

Art. XIV. This convention shall be submitted to the President of the United States, for his ratification. In the mean time there shall be no suspense in its operations.

Done at Alexandria in Egypt,

February 23, 1805, and signed by said Hamet Bashaw for himself and successors, and by William Eaton on the part of the United States.
Additional article, secret.

His highness Hamet Bashaw, will use his utmost exertions to cause to surrender to the commander in chief of the American forces in the Mediterranean, the usurper Joseph Bashaw, together with his family, and chief admiral, Murad Rais, alias Peter Lisle, to be held by the government of the United States as hostages, and a guarantee of the stipulations entered into by convention of the 23d February, 1805, with the United States, provided they do not escape by flight.