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Portsmouth, Rockingham County, New Hampshire
What is this article about?
British forces under General Wolfe captured Quebec on September 13, 1759, defeating the French army led by Montcalm, who was killed along with Wolfe. The city surrendered on September 17. Reports from Louisbourg, Boston, and Portsmouth detail the victory and celebrations, mourning Wolfe's death.
Merged-components note: Merged reports, letters, and extracts on the Quebec victory and General Wolfe's death, including the related tribute poem, into a single domestic news component focused on this key North American colonial event during the Seven Years' War. Relabeled from foreign_news and poem, as the subject pertains to American/colonial affairs.
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PORTSMOUTH.
Upon the News of the important Successes of His Majesty's Arms in Europe and this Continent, more especially on the Reduction of QUEBECK, the CAPITAL and Barrier of the French Settlements in NORTH AMERICA, By the brave General WOLFE, the Gentlemen of the Town gave a considerable Sum to the Poor, and agreed to celebrate the same in a public Manner - And Yesterday (after having in the first Place, given Thanks to Almighty GOD for the remarkable Interposition of his Providence in these Great Events, and heard a Discourse suitable to the Occasion from the respective Congregations) the Bells rang--the Cannon were discharged from three different Parts of the Town, from twelve to nine o'Clock, which were answered at Noon by the Ships in the Harbour-- At One a Grand Procession through the Town under a Standard representing a City besieged, with the Motto, Nil Desperandum Christo Duce, who gave three Cheers at every Corner-- in the Evening a very large Bonfire on Wind Mill Hill, where Care was taken to preserve the English Flag from the Flames, the French Flag only consumed. &c. &c. &c. an extraordinary Display of Fire Works-- a beautiful Illumination -- And, to complete the Scene, was exhibited over the front Door of the Province House, a Description representing the City of Quebeck in its Ruins, after the Surrender thereof, with General WOLFE ascending in a victorious Chariot, attended by Victory,--the Ships below and above the City, and the English Encampments at Point Levey,--the Bombs and Cannon playing on the same--the French Flag flying, and the English above, with the King's Arms held over the whole. -- An unfeigned Joy appeared in every Face, and expressed itself in every Form - In short, the like was never known here before on any Occasion.
BOSTON. October 15.
We heartily congratulate our Readers on the most remarkable Success which it has pleased Heaven to afford unto His Majesty's Arms, in the Reduction of QUEBEC, the Capital of CANADA. This Conquest was preceded by a Victory over more than three Times our Number, and which has entirely broke the French Power in America. The Slain on the Enemy's Side were numerous; but ours, tho' inconsiderable, is aggravated to the highest Degree in that General WOLFE is among the Slain -his Zeal for his Majesty's Honour was unrival'd-his Bravery and Activity, as an Officer, had made him the Darling of the Soldiery. --He liv'd to see the Enemy fly before him, and then expir'd in a full Blaze of Glory.
JOHN Atwood, of the Schooner Betsey, testifieth and saith, That on the 13th of September he sailed from Point Orleans; that on said Day he heard a great Firing of Cannon, and three Days after his Arrival at Louisbourg, which was on or about the 2d of October, one Capt. Weton (belonging to Plymouth) arrived there from the River, and bro't several Letters from the Army and Navy, informing, and as he otherwise heard, That General Wolfe having landed on the 13th of September (first mentioned) above Quebeck, was attacked by Monsieur Montcalm, with the main Body of the French Army; that the Action lasted but 15 Minutes only; the English sustained three Fires before they returned any; that the first Fire they made, broke the French Horse, and brought on a general Confusion among them, they retired or rather fled, and the English pursued them to the Trenches, and immediately drove them out and pursued them to the Walls of Quebeck-- That General Wolfe was killed after forcing the Trenches: The English then retreated to proper Distance, and raised a Battery of 36 or 38 Guns against it, which being finished in 3 Days, General Townsend sent in a Message to the French, demanding the Surrender of the City, which they did very soon, but upon what Terms he cannot say.
-That it was said we lost 4 or 500 Men in the Action, and the French 1500 killed and taken. Captain Atwood further added, That Monf. Montcalm and the second in Command were killed; and Gen. Monckton wounded in the Lungs.
Letter from his Excellency Governor Whitmore to his Excellency our Governor.
SIR,
A Vessel has this Minute arrived from the River St. Lawrence, who has bro't a Letter from Capt. Bray of his Majesty's Ship Princess Amelia, as follows--
Isle of Orleans, 19th September, 1759.
Sir,
I have only Time to acquaint you, that the Garrison of Quebeck capitulated Yesterday, to his Britannic Majesty's Troops; and English Colours wave triumphantly on the Walls. I would write you the Particulars could the Vessel wait: Montcalm is dead, and the second in Command killed, the third wounded and taken Prisoner, and the fourth killed the Day of Battle; their Loss is said to be 1500 killed and wounded, ours 5 or 600. General WOLFE is killed, General Monckton shot thro' the Lungs, but in a fair Way to do well.--Col. Carlton lost an Ear, and shot in the Head: Major Barry lost his Nose, the Ball in his Head: Major Spittall wounded, all those are doubtful Cases--Capt. Millbanks killed, and I hear young Precott. We have about 40 Officers killed and wounded. Yours, John Bray."
"I congratulate you on this Signal Success of His Majesty's Arms, and am,
Sir,
Your most obedient humble Servant,
Louisbourg, Oct 1, 1759. Edw. Whitmore."
Louisbourg, October 1, 1759.
About 4 o'Clock this Afternoon came in a Vessel in 7 Days from Quebec, and brings an Account that Quebec is in the Hands of the English.-General WOLFE with 4000 Men landed above the Town, and on the 13th ult. the French came out of their Trenches (it is said 9000) and engaged him in Battle. The English beat them and pursued them to the Walls of the City, killed, wounded and took Prisoners 1500 of 'em.-Gen. Wolfe was killed in Battle, two Musket Balls were shot into his Body, and one in his Wrist: Of the English it is said 600 are killed, wounded and missing.--Montcalm was wounded in Battle and died soon after; the next to him in Command was slain upon the Spot; the third in Command was badly wounded, and the fourth was killed. General Monckton wounded in his Lungs, but in a fair Way to recover. The English Army cast up Batteries against the Town and then sent in to the French and informed them what Batteries they had prepared, and if they would not immediately surrender themselves and City, they would storm the Town and put all to the Sword, upon this the French sent out a Blank Charter, and our Troops took Possession on the 17th of Sept. This is glorious News, but the Loss of brave General WOLFE is some Allay to the Joy of Victory.
Two Vessels arrived here last Week with Orders from Admiral Saunders to carry Some of the Provincial Troops to Boston, and last Night Orders came out here that some Part of 'em should hold themselves in Readiness to embark at an Hour's Warning, but since the above News arrived there is a Stoppage till we have a more particular Account from the River."
Copy of a Letter from a Gentleman at Louisbourg, dated October 2, 1759.
"Sir,
Captain Harvey's being detained gives me the agreeable Opportunity to acquaint you, that Yesterday a Vessel arrived here from the River, and brings the very important News of the Surrender of the City of Quebec, the best Account I am able to collect of this Event is, viz.
That on the 13th Day of September, General WOLFE with his little Army of Prussians attacked the French Lines, and after a very hot Dispute for the Space of about 20 Minutes drove the French out of their Lines into the City. In this furious Attack, we had killed and wounded, about 500, among the killed is the never to be forgotten General WOLFE.
General WOLFE, who led on his Troops in Person, -General Monckton is dangerously wounded.- Our Troops immediately erected their Batteries, and on the 16th summoned the City to Surrender; as usual.-The French, having lost their Gog and Magog, thought fit to surrender on the 17th. The Terms of Capitulation we are impatient to know. -A Packet is hourly expected, when We expect further Particulars. This may be depended on, as a Number of Letters from Gentlemen in the Army mentions the same in Substance with the above.- I heartily congratulate you on this important Event -—and am with due Regards and Respect,
Yours &c.
Extract of a Letter from Louisbourg, dated October 2, 1759.
"Must now congratulate you on the Success of our Arms,--QUEBEC is TAKEN, though with the Loss of the valiant General WOLFE; it happened the 17th of last Month. It seems General WOLFE crossed the River with his little Army, about 5000 Strong--within two Hours after, Montcalm attacked him with about 10 or 12000 Men. Our brave General received his three first Fires, not a Man of ours offered to fire, till they were within reach of their Bayonets, then gave their Fire and rushed on them. We killed 1100 Privates and 200 Officers on the Spot, which obliged the rest to run, but we followed them so close that we took 200 of them Prisoners at their Sally-Port. We have lost about 40 Officers, 250 Men, and about 400 wounded. They say General Wolfe received three shot thro' his Body and one thro' his Wrist, but liv'd long enough to ask how Affairs went on; and being answered we had gained a compleat Victory, replied, "then I die in Peace", and so expired in a few Minutes after. Capt. Coffin is mortally wounded."
Extract of a Letter from Louisbourg, Oct. 2.
--As I left Quebeck the 12th of September; the Battle was fought the 13th; the Place capitulated the 17th; and our People took Possession the 18th."
Extract of a Letter, dated Louisbourg, October 4, 1759.
A Schooner which arrived at this Place (on Tuesday the 2d Instant) from the River, has bro't an Account of Quebeck being surrendered to the English, on Monday the 17th past, and says--That the troops under General WOLFE, which landed on the North Shore above Quebeck about the 4th past, has had a very smart Engagement on Thursday the 13th; General Wolfe had 5000 Men, and Montcalm 15000: the French had 1500 killed and wounded. General Montcalm, with the second and third in Command, are among the Slain. --We had 200 killed and wounded, among the former was the brave General WOLFE, who was mortally wounded in the Engagement, and died soon after: Gen. Monckton is shot thro' the Lungs, and Major Barry wounded. We have likewise lost a great many inferior Officers; and that in Consequence of the News, the Governor has detained the Provincials till he has further Orders from the River; So that it is quite uncertain when we shall sail.
The brave General WOLFE had 3 Balls shot thro' his Body, which brought him to the Ground; an Officer standing by, immediately caught him in his Arms and supported him, to whom the Hero said, tell me Sir, do the Enemy give Way, tell me, for I cannot see, (his Eye-sight failing him, being then in the Agonies of Death) the Officer reply'd, they are beat Sir, they are flying before you, the General then said, I am satisfied my Boys, and expired in a few Moments.
On the Death of General WOLFE.
WHAT Honours, WOLFE, should thy brave Brows adorn?
Shall fading Wreaths, by other Heroes worn?
Not breathing Marble, nor enliv'ning Brass,
Tho' there thy manly Form the Eye may trace;
Nor Columns stately rising from the Plain,
To tell the Victories which thy Arms did gain;
Not generous Praise, which tuneful Bards convey,
Which lasts, when other Monuments decay;
Tho' many a British Bard thy Fall shall mourn,
And sing melodious Dirges o'er thy Urn:
No Works of mortal Hands, or mortal Wit,
Thy Virtues equal or thy Fame befit:
Heaven saw, and strait prepar'd a nobler Prize.
And to receive it, snatch'd Thee to the Skies.
MASSACHUSETTENSIS
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Where did it happen?
Domestic News Details
Primary Location
Quebec
Event Date
13th Of September 1759
Key Persons
Outcome
british losses: approximately 500-600 killed and wounded, including general wolfe (killed by three balls through body and one in wrist), general monckton (wounded in lungs), col. carlton (lost ear, shot in head), major barry (lost nose, ball in head), major spittall (wounded), capt. millbanks (killed), about 40 officers killed/wounded. french losses: 1500 killed, wounded, and taken, including montcalm (killed), second in command (killed), third (wounded and prisoner), fourth (killed). quebec surrendered on 17th september 1759.
Event Details
British forces under General Wolfe landed above Quebec and defeated the French army led by Montcalm in a 15-20 minute battle on September 13, 1759. The English endured three volleys before firing and charging, routing the French to the city walls. Batteries were raised, leading to the surrender of Quebec on September 17. News sparked celebrations in Portsmouth with processions, bonfires, fireworks, and illuminations; charity to the poor; and reports from Boston and Louisbourg expressing joy tempered by Wolfe's death.