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Portsmouth, Rockingham County, New Hampshire
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Letters from Cadiz dated July 1790 report Spain's fleet of 32 ships of the line and frigates preparing for imminent war with England, sailing on July 20. Contradicts earlier peace rumors. British frigate Penelope sails from Boston. Fleet strengths detailed, with potential French and Dutch reinforcements.
Merged-components note: The two tables list the guns on British and Spanish ships, which are directly referenced and arranged in the foreign news article about the potential war between Britain and Spain.
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WAR-AGAIN.
By a vessel arrived at Marblehead, from Spain, letters have been received by gentlemen in this town, from their correspondents at Cadiz, dated as late as July 23, 1790. The following are extracted therefrom. viz.
"Cadiz, July 8th, 1790.
We shall be relieved from the state of suspense, in which we are, in the course of a few days, as the armament is finished, and every thing appears to announce a speedy declaration of War with England.
There are reports now in circulation, that the Americans are embarking troops for Georgia. For what purpose we dare not conjecture.
There are several English Cutters within the Cape, watching the motion of the Spanish Fleet---which is now in the bay, and which consists of Thirty-two ships of the line, Twenty frigates, and a great number of small vessels; and are daily augmented--they are principally new, and reputed to be the strongest built ships in the world. Three of them are of 112 guns. Indeed they make a fine appearance.--As many more will be put into commission as soon as possible.
A few days since, a squadron of three ships of the line, and one frigate, with 1500 soldiers on board, sailed for Porto-Rico.
JULY, 19, 1790.
The sudden departure of Captain Patten, deprives me of the pleasure of giving you any satisfactory account of the destiny of the Spanish grand fleet, which is now riding at single anchor, with their topsails loose, and ready to sail at a moment's notice. It is conjectured, by some that it is bound to Brest, there to join the French Fleet-- as many of the officers have bought bills on that place.
JULY 20, P. M.
Our Fleet is now under way.-- The Almighty protect, and give it success."
The vessel arrived at Marblehead from Spain, left Cadiz the 28th of July, eight days after the Spanish Fleet sailed; at which time every preparation for carrying on the war was making; and Mr. Duff, the British Consul was then fitting out a vessel, in which he expected to sail for England in a few days.
Yesterday sailed from this harbour, his Britannic Majesty's frigate Penelope This frigate is completely equipped for war-with hammocks in her nettings, and having a full complement of men:
[Our readers will remember, that we published, a few days since, an article of intelligence from Spain, founded on a letter received from Mr. Gardoqui, a reputable gentleman of Bilboa; in which it was asserted, that TRANQUILITY was restored between Spain and Great-Britain. This letter was dated the 22d of July. The above accounts are from respectable gentlemen in Cadiz and bear date one day later than Mr. Gardoqui's. The one or the other is erroneous-Which--we know not .-But from other information we have received, we are of opinion, that the Sword must decide the dispute: Though we confess, there are circumstances which point to the Olive Branch.]
As there is now a greater prospect that WAR will take place between Spain and England than heretofore--and as we know our readers wish to be acquainted with such particulars as will give them a just idea of events as they shall arise, Should the Temple of Janus be opened-we have arranged the fleets of the two nations in order of battle: by which the strength of each will be plainly seen. We must at the same time, observe, that the English Fleet is already joined by 10 sail of the line from Holland, besides frigates; and that the Spanish force will be augmented with 14 sail of the line, and 14 frigates, from France.
Admiral Barrington commands the centre division-- Admiral Hood, the Van, and Admiral Hathorn, the Rear. The Victory has 850 men--the Barfleur 750--Princess Royal 767--& the 74 gun ships 600.
The British have, besides the above, fitting and almost ready for sea, the Royal George, and Royal Sovereign of 110 guns each; the Gibraltar of 80; Hannibal, Egmont, Captain, and Swiftsure of 74; and the Nassau, of 64.
SEPTEMBER 22.
Extract of a letter from a respectable Merchant in Cadiz, to his Correspondent in this town, July 22, 1790.
An immediate Rupture with Great-Britain seems inevitable. We have advice that a fleet sailed from thence the 28th ultimo: . and ours consisting of 32 ships of the line, three of them of 112 guns, and about 20 frigates, put to sea the 20th instant.-- Orders has been received from Court to put into Commission as many more: Provisions and Naval Stores are much wanted, and could be run off at very high prices, as it cannot be had from the Baltic, by the troubles there, nor from Ireland, on account of the impending War with England: We therefore have no other Resource but your States to apply to, and make no doubt, they will on this occasion, confirm the Judgment and good sense they have always shewn, by preserving a Neutrality ; they will thereby become the carriers not only of their own produce, but of those of others, and participate of the commerce of our West-Indias, which opens a field for advantageous speculations.-Pork of the largest and fattest kind any quantity ; one sixth of the number of barrels may come of regular Beef. Bacallas, the consumption will encrease considerably, its being permitted to be used in the Navy. Pitch, Rozin and little Tar, are articles much wanted."
| Guns. | |
| Salvador | 112 |
| Cond. de Regla | 112 |
| Mexicano | 112 |
| San Carlos | 94 |
| Rayo | 80 |
| San Rafael | 80 |
| Bahama | 74 |
| Europa | 74 |
| Serio | 74 |
| San Gabriel | 74 |
| Oriente | 74 |
| Arrogante | 74 |
| San Telmo | 74 |
| San Juito | 74 |
| San Pedro Apof. | 74 |
| Magnanimo | 74 |
| San Pablo | 74 |
| S. Franc de Afis | 74 |
| San Ildefonfo | 74 |
| Terrible | 74 |
| Atlante | 74 |
| Angel | 74 |
| Firme | 74 |
| S. Fulgeneio | 74 |
| S Franc d. Pau | 74 |
| Guerrero | 74 |
| San Lorenzo | 74 |
| San Genario | 74 |
| San Ramon | 64 |
| S. Pedro Alcan. | 64 |
| San Leandro | 64 |
| Aftuto | 58 |
| Loreto | 40 |
| Bifides Frigates: |
| Victory | 100 |
| Barfleur | 90 |
| Princefs Royal | 90 |
| Impregnable | 90 |
| Valiant | 74 |
| Magnificent | 74 |
| Arrogant | 74 |
| Illufrious | 74 |
| Cullodon | 74 |
| Edgar | 74 |
| Alcide | 74 |
| Carnatic | 74 |
| Bombay Caftle | 74 |
| Courage aux Coluffus | 74 |
| Saturn | 74 |
| Bedford | 74 |
| Orion | 74 |
| Bellona | 74 |
| Cumberland | 74 |
| Director | 64 |
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What entities or persons were involved?
Where did it happen?
Foreign News Details
Primary Location
Cadiz
Event Date
July 1790
Key Persons
Outcome
spanish fleet of 32 ships of the line and 20 frigates sailed july 20, 1790; preparations for war ongoing; potential reinforcements from france for spain and holland for england; british frigate penelope sailed from boston equipped for war.
Event Details
Letters from Cadiz describe Spanish fleet preparations and sailing for war with England, contradicting earlier peace reports; fleet details include 3 ships of 112 guns; squadron to Porto-Rico; rumors of joining French fleet; British consul preparing to leave; requests for provisions from America assuming neutrality.