Washington Telegraph

Affairs At Rome.—The New York Commercial Advertiser has a letter dated Rome, May 13, which gives a lamentable account of the state of things existing there. A month had elapsed since the Pope's return and his restored government was only known for the spirit of revenge manifest in its every act. Pius has made no display of that generosity and liberal policy for which the world gave him credit. There has been no amnesty for the past, no consolations in the present, and no pledges of better days to come. The writer, referring to the despotism to which the poor Romans are now subjected, says:

"Instead of amnesty, consolation and provisions of mercy, which were promised them upon the return of the Pope they find themselves called upon to atone for the excesses of the Republic, even though all the leaders have escaped. Not a word of forgiveness has yet come down to the trembling families of Rome from Pius IX since his return. "The city is still full of brigands." he says, "and I shall have no security here until they are driven out." Doubtless he believes this; but the banishment of highly respectable ladies for attendance upon the wounded revolutionists in the hospitals; the imprisonment of hundreds of industrious men torn from their families during the night; and the removal and exile of numerous fathers of families for no other offence than that of retaining office during the Republic, ought to open the eyes of the Pope to the hateful hypocrisy of his ministers in terrifying him by this cry of "brigands!"

The proscription has been so severe since the Pope's return that several of the princes who aided to restore him have felt constrained to entreat him against the merciless course of his Cardinals; and very many who opposed the republic are so thoroughly disgusted with the revengeful course of the restored government, and so deeply convinced of the gross falsehoods heaped upon the republican assembly and cabinet by the encyclical letters of the Pope and of the bishops, and by the only journals tolerated in the States, that they desire and predict the speedy ruin of Cardinal authority.