Staunton Spectator

RUSSIA AND POLAND

The following Proclamation, issued by the "Tyrant" of all the Russias, will be read with indignation, and followed by the deserved execration of every lover of freedom throughout the Universe.

Proclamation of the Emperor of Russia.

Moscow, Nov. 2

We, Nicholas I., by the grace of God, Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias, King of Poland, &c. &c.

Our preceding manifestations and proclamations have sufficiently proved to our faithful subjects how painful it was to us to be obliged to employ arms to quell the insurrection which had broken out in our kingdom of Poland. Deeply affected by the innumerable evils to which that country was given up, we wished to employ only the means of persuasion to recall our misguided subjects to their duty; but our voice was not heard, and Poland will owe the return of peace and legal order only to the victorious arms of the empire, to which its fate is indissolubly united. We shall, however distinguish the great majority of those who were carried beyond the bounds of their duty, from the evil-minded, who deceived by melancholy illusions, and dreaming of an impossible state of things had recourse to calumny and treachery to attain their object. They alone are answerable for the violation of the most solemn oaths; for the ruin of their country, which has flourished ever since its union with Russia; for the blood shed in civil war; for the insurrection in the Imperial provinces; and lastly, for the burden which has fallen on Russia. The punishment commensurate with their crimes, is fixed by the law; but our justice and our clemency shall allay the fear of the weak, and of those who were only misled. To end their apprehension once for all, and make them positively acquainted with our will, we have ordained as follows:

1. A complete and unconditional amnesty is granted to all those of our subjects in the kingdom of Poland who have returned to their obedience. None of those included in this amnesty shall now or at any future time be condemned or prosecuted for the actions or political opinions done or expressed during the whole time of the insurrection.

The following are excepted:

1. The authors of the bloody insurrection of the 29th November, 1830; those who on that night repaired to the Belvidere Palace with the view to take the life of our beloved brother, the deceased Cesarewitsch: the murderers of the Generals and of the Russian and Polish officers.

2. The authors of the horrors which occurred in Warsaw on the 15th of August last.

3. Those who since the 25th of January, have at different times been concerned as chiefs or members of the Government illegally established in the kingdom of Poland, and who have not sent in their submission previously to the 1st of September, as well as those who, after the subjection of Warsaw, formed an illegal Government at Zakroczym and thereby forfeited all claim to our mercy.

4. The members of the Diet who proposed or supported the act of deposition of the 25th of January.

5. The officers belonging to the corps of Romarino, Rozycki, Kaminski, and Rybinski.

6. The subjects of the western governments who may have participated in the Polish insurrection.

Senate of Virginia. In consequence of the temporary ill health of the Hon. Wm. C. Holt, Speaker of the Senate, General Dade, was elected Speaker pro. tempore, of that body.