Daily National Intelligencer

Year	Before	Fighting
of the	Christ.	men.
City.	753	number.
1	716	3,300
37	607	47,000
96	509	84,700
205	498	130,000
250	494	150,000
260	475	110,000
279	466	113,000
288	460	124,000
294	393	132,409
361	344	152,680
410	319	160,000
435	294	250,000
460	290	263,000
464	280	273,000
474	276	278,222
478	365	271,224
489	252	292,224
502	248	297,797
506	242	251,232
512	221	260,000
553	207	270,218
546	204	137,000
549	194	214,000
560	189	243,704
565	180	258,308
574	174	273,244
580	170	269,015
584	165	312,810
589	160	337,452
594	155	323,314
599	148	324,000
606	143	322,000
611	137	328,342
617	132	323,000
622	126	313,822
628	116	390,736
638	87	463,000

ROMAN STATISTICS.
From the Irish Magazine for July, received at the Columbian Office.

A Statistical numeration of the armies and population of Ancient Rome, collected from Livy, Dionysius, Plutarch and Eusebius, &c.

Rome in its infant state, before an aspiring ambition had made conquest a national pursuit, was surrounded by numerous nations, each enjoying its own form of independent government, until the more fortunate arms of the new state gradually subverted them in the infancy of political existence, which proves, that nations by balancing power against the spirit of conquest, had not yet taught small communities to unite: they fought separately, and were conquered separately.

Rome began with a monarchy, but the people getting disgusted with a form of government, which is more pregnant with crimes, and more expensive than any other yet known, ejected the kingly oppressors; four of them were assassinated and one expelled, which concluded this form of government, and Rome might have existed to this day, in all its power and grandeur had not her vices thrown her back again into the hands of masters, who under the name of emperors, exercised all the tyranny of kings, without using the odious distinction.

The rapid increase she made in population, may be seen by the following statistical view of each of the several musters of fighting men from the foundation of the city, to the usurpation of Sylla.

From the above statistical account it is evident that the population multiplied very fast under the kings, occasioned by the various arts used to entice the citizens of the surrounding states to settle among them. That under the beginning of the aristocracy at 265 and the establishment of equal liberty and equal laws in the commonwealth the augmentation was prodigious. From 410 of the city to 435 it is evident by the general survey (Livy ix. ch. 19, and x. 47,) that there was in 25 years, an increase of 90,000 warriors. This enormous increase happened under the government when it became popular, when liberty and equality removed the obstacles which controlled the conquering genius of the people, by penal and prohibitory statutes, enacted against the plebeians (for so the people were stigmatized by the aristocratic ascendancy of Rome) whereby they were prevented from acquiring property, consequence, rank, or state honors. But as censors and tribunes were established, thereby the morals were admirably maintained, and the vigor of the law supported and preserved for a long time: for as good laws make good men, so good men defend good laws, whereby they are both a mutual defence to each other.

Thus, we see the councils of popular assemblies more bold, more magnanimous, and wiser than the paralyzed efforts of aristocratic senates, and ill guided princes. To what other cause can we attribute the ambitious, nay gigantic designs of the petty governments of Athens and Lacedaemon, States not as large as Munster, and other petty republican states, but of glory and fame for their country and selves, united by the virtues and emulation of their particular magistrates and commanders, where the supreme dignities are successively attainable in annual rotation, as the never failing reward of individual ability and desert.