Daily National Republican

BY TELEGRAPH.

FROM CINCINNATI

Convention of the Colored People of Indiana-Grain Growers' Convention in Illinois-Gov. Morton Improving.
Cincinnati, Oct. 25.-The colored people of Indiana met in convention at Indianapolis yesterday. One hundred and fifty delegates were present, representing nearly all the counties in the State.
A mass convention of Western farmers and grain dealers is called to assemble in Morris, Illinois, on the 22d inst., to break down the excessive rates now charged on grain shipments to the East.
Governor Morton was better yesterday.

New York Markets.
New York, Oct. 25-1.30 p. m.-Cotton firm at 58a59. Flour steady and unchanged. Wheat advancing and a shade firmer. Corn Beef and Pork steady. Lard heavy. Whisky firm.

Maximilian's Manifesto.
Believing, or assuming to believe, that Juarez had fled to the United States, when transferring his seat of power from Chihuahua to Pas del Norte, Maximilian issued a manifesto declaring that the contest was ended that Juarez had left the "territory of the country," and henceforward the struggle would be only between "honorable men of the nation and criminal bands of adventurers." Upon the following day he likewise published a decree stating that persons belonging to armed bands or associations not legally organized, would be arrested and tried by military commissioners, and if found guilty be summarily executed. "All persons who may aid in any way, shape, or manner these guerrillas are also to be punished in the same manner. Even those who give advice or counsel will by so doing sign their death warrant."
We are, then, to understand that Maximilian has commenced a war of extermination upon the Mexicans, hoping, by means of threats and vigorous punishment, to coerce them into subjection and loyalty. Meanwhile, Juarez remains upon Mexican soil, with no intention of leaving, and the Mexican loan of thirty millions is being taken up—one New York firm having subscribed for thirty thousand dollars yesterday Maximilian may find that he has been a little too fast with his pronunciamento, and be compelled to take the back track.

Political.
Advices from Kentucky represent that trouble is likely to follow the abolishment of martial law in that State. Negroes who have been hired on the military passes given by General Palmer are being discharged, and all contracts between whites and blacks are reported to be considered at an end. It is said that Judge Pearl, of Whitley county, has decided that the act of Congress of March 3, 1865, is unconstitutional, and ordered a negro woman, the wife of a soldier, to be sold as a slave. In return, General Brisbin has ordered the arrest of the Judge. There is plenty of material in Kentucky for the getting up of a serious resistance to the United States authorities, and it is feared that collisions will soon occur. At Lexington, recently, General Huston made a speech, advising his Confederate friends to prosecute the Union men who had "interfered with their rights." General Huston is one of the unsubdued rebels, who are discovered to be much too numerous for the good of their States or the country generally.
Down in Alabama they propose to arrange their legislative and congressional districts upon what they call the white basis. That is to say, the negro population will not be counted in the apportionment of these districts. But that will make no difference in the number of representatives in Congress to which the State will be entitled. In determining how many of these it shall have, the negroes will have to be counted the same as white men, whether they have votes or not. This will give 118,000 voters in Alabama the right to elect as many representatives as 200,000 voters can elect in Michigan or Wisconsin. It is plain that the blacks must either have votes, or that they must stop counting them in the determination of the number of Congressmen to which the State shall be entitled. The best and fittest, because the justest, policy, is to give the blacks the right of voting; but if that is not to be done, we must, at least, limit representation to the actual number of voters. The rotten borough system, on so vast a scale, cannot be endured in this country.

[Washington Correspondence N.Y. Evening Post.]

Organization of the House.
Mr. McPherson, the Clerk, has informed his friends, without reservation, that he will not place upon the official list of members any person claiming to be elected from a State that has been in rebellion against the Government. To do differently would be to decide, himself, one of the most important questions before Congress; for to let in eighty Southern members at the outset to vote upon the subject of their own recognition, would end the controversy in their favor at once.
The uniform practice of the House during the last three years has been not to admit claimants from districts which have been in rebellion till after the House has pronounced upon their papers. This reverses the practice in ordinary cases, where the person holding regular papers always holds his seat till the House decides against him. Two members from New Orleans participated in the organization of the Thirty-eighth Congress, but the previous Congress had admitted members from those districts, thus acknowledging that they were entitled to representation. Mr. Stevens, of Pennsylvania, rose and objected to the vote of these members—Messrs. Field and Cottman—but finally consented to waive the point, as their votes could not affect the result; so that, even if the previous House had not admitted members from these districts, it could not be quoted as a precedent.

Studious Freedmen.
The Houston (Tex. as) Telegraph says:
"More than half the spelling books now sold in Houston go into the hands of negroes. Several schools for colored persons are now in operation here and in Galveston. Many planters buy a stock of school books for the schools already not unfrequent upon the plantations. We believe this is the proper thing, and that the education of the negroes in the elements of knowledge will aid in a hopeful solution of the question whether freed labor will be successful, and whether the negro race will survive their freedom."
The Galveston News has the following:
"We saw a planter in town yesterday buying a large lot of books for his freedmen. It is his purpose to establish a Sunday school and night school for them, and also to have them taught on Saturday and Wednesday afternoons. This is the right spirit. We are glad to see it prevailing in one manifestation or another to a very large extent. Nothing should be done to alienate our former slaves, but everything to conciliate and elevate them. They are worthy of philanthropic efforts—their situation in our midst forms a test of our own character. Oppression or neglect of them will demoralize us and our children; the right treatment of them will be twice blessed. Exhortation on this subject is unnecessary, however, as the Southern whites are certainly too wise and humane to permit such a field of duty and privilege to remain uncultivated."
The work of purification goes on. Major General Frank P. Blair has identified himself with the Democracy. The Union party, we believe, is not now cursed with a member of the family.—Albany Journal.