Alexandria Daily Gazette, Commercial & Political

BRIDGETOWN (Barbadoes) May 10.

The liberties and independence of Spain like those of all the other continental powers expired in Europe -at the feet of the French ruler seem to have received animation in South America, effected from the misfortunes of the mother country this promises a noble and high spirited effort to save itself from the general wreck of subjugation, and to give to the Mexicans and Peruvians and to the whole of the vast continent of Spanish America. those national rights and independence hitherto unknown to them either in liberty or commerce. In this great effort, as it has manifested itself in our most immediate neighborhood, along the coasts of Cumana, Barcelona, Caracas. and the whole of New Andalusia and Venezuela a spirit of patriotism and loyalty has controlled those emotions which too often subvert the first dawn of freedom and mark an allegiance to their legitimate sovereign, worthy of the independence they are aiming at. establishing; and which it were well that the British government have the grace and the glory of supporting them in ; and not merely content themselves that, as Bonaparte by a most insignificant piece of policy has declared, if they wish for a noble independence, they shall not be opposed.

A change of government, embracing the principles of that which first succeeded in Spain on the seizure of the monarch and the invasion of the country by the myrmidons of Bonaparte, has taken place thro' the whole of these provinces--a supreme junta being established at Caracas. The whole change was effected in the most tranquil manner, and conducted with the greatest order. although almost instantaneous.

A Spanish packet arrived at La Guira on the 22d April, direct from Cadiz, with information of the events that have lately so completely thrown the whole of Spain (except that single point into the power of the French, the captain general of Caracas with the intendant general of finance; and, the superintendant of the ordnance, being suspected of giving connivance to the projects of Bonaparte apprehended in that country were immediately seized, and with two or three other persons of inferior note, compelled to leave the province -being permitted, however, to proceed to any country they wished. At Caracas a supreme junta was formed, and delegates were sent off to Barcelona, Cumana, and Angostura, inviting them to unite in establishing an independent government, and to form provincial juntas under the authority of that at Caracas, as the head or central government.

These proposals were received and adopted with avidity in every province ; and at Cumana, copying every sentiment and feeling of the supreme junta, the following proclamation was issued on the 28th ultimo, in strict conformity to the one issued at Caracas on the 23d :--

The Supreme governing Junta established in this capital, in the name of his majesty el Signor Don Fernando VII. whom God preserve

To the inhabitants of this city. and of the provinces of New Andalusia & New Barcelona.

Cumanese. Barcelonians, and citizens inhabitants of places belonging to the provinces of New Andalusia and Barcelona-

Loyal and beloved countrymen! The origin of the causes that have given rise to the formation of the new government. which has been just established, attend to them; in order that if there be some amongst you, who, entertaining a doubt of the existence of such weighty occurrences, should with little reflection: disapprove its plan; or with too much apprehension deem it impracticable; or, for want of experience, believe the respectable members who compose it to have acted without sufficient authority- they may advert: to acts of which the whole world is and has been witness ; and laying aside their fears. cherish the hope and confidence that fraternal union, and other social virtues which constitute the basis of the structure of our present security, may render our names immortal, and transmit to our children that security and happiness, which we trust to enjoy.

The state of confusion in which Spain has been involved by the loss of legitimate head, has some time since been proclaimed and made known to you by your beloved sovereign, signor Don Fernando the VIIth: you are already acquainted with the calamities brought on by the perfidy of that wicked Godoy, in conjunction with the emperor of the French, whose ferocious designs were seconded by other wicked men, who left no means untried to accomplish the ruin of their country: finally, you are not ignorant that the central governing Junta of the kingdom of Spain, created in the name of our lord Fernando-VII. has been dissolved either by its own act, by the invasion of the enemy or what is more probable by that unholy spirit of corruption originating from anterior despotism.

Under these circumstances, how is it possible to preserve the people without a head to watch over them ?. The provinces of South America have begun to deliberate on the mode of establishing some form of government suited to guard them in all cases against the disorders of anarchy. and the invasion of the tyrant: some of them have already established legitimate assemblies, by means of that authority with which the people invest sovereigns with power leaving nevertheless in the hands of the Cabildos their. usual faculty of administering justice in all cases, particularly in the present emergency

Although you may have heard that the first existing authorities have been dismissed, yet the proceedings were neither violent nor tumultuous, and you will find that others have been appointed to fill their places; the government has not, therefore, been subverted, but the former administration only have been displaced.

This provident and necessary determination has been communicated by, the wise Junta of the Caracas to the illustrious council of this city, and not to the governor. colonel Don Eusebio Espendero; giving us thereby to understand that his power has ceased, and indicated the necessity of uniting in the work of public happiness, and doing every thing in our power to accomplish this great object.

The council; not less wise, and actuated by the same impulse which operates on the minds of this faithful people, has invited to its meeting at the town hall the principal persons of this city, in order to deliberate on the expediency of following this example ; and it has passed an act, appointing with the unanimous consent and in behalf of the people, the following signors as members of the provincial government.

Don Francisco Xavier Maiz, alcalde of the first election, president.
Don Francisco Vilas; of the second, vice-president;
Don Joseph Ramirez, Don Geronimo Martinez, Don Francisco Sanchez, Don Jose Alcala, Don. Manuel Millan, Don Domingo Aiz, Don Jose Santos.
Dr. Don Mariano Cova, for the public affairs.
Don Andres Callejon: For finances.
Captain Don Juan de Flores, for the militia.
Don Juan Bermudez, for public works.
Don Juan Manuel Forada, for commerce.
Don Pedro Mezia, for, the colored people.
Don Juan Martinez, assessor of taxes.
Don Diego de Vallehilla, secretary.

This assembly, however, in assuming the authority recently vested in signor col. Don Eusebio Espendero, desire to express their thanks and gratitude for that signor's praiseworthy communications, as well as for his readiness in voluntarily surrendering the power which he held.

We may now venture to call ourselves a free people, and entertain a hope, that this city has the power of maintaining its independence under any circumstance whatever; we now. have the pleasure of commencing to bring into action those hidden means of happiness which our country possesses; and we trust, with our own resources, to, succeed in establishing reciprocal harmony, and in maintaining ourselves in. union and peace with other nations. By looking up for protection to that provincial government appointed to represent you, and in which, you are to participate, you will reap the fruits of its organization, and ensure your own happiness and that of your children.

The useful labors of the Junta; the mild measures which it proposes to adopt, and which are inseparable from its administration; the unremitting care with which it will watch over the concerns of the several districts within its jurisdiction; shall be manifested, not by words but by actions.

Do not judge lightly of events, which at first sight may appear unaccountable ; refrain from censuring too hastily, those measures which the government deem expedient to adopt, although they, may appear to some not calculated for the public good. Do not above all things, indulge in opinions unfavorable to the character or capacity of the members of the government; but let each of you bear a part and assist in supporting a burthen complying with the holy precepts of our Lord Jesus : Christ, maintaining the rights of society and the sacred obligations imposed on us by Providence, and rewarding each individual according to his merit.

With a view to the preservation of that union and harmony so necessary to the maintenance of good order and tranquility, we advise and recommend to all and every one of the judges either ecclesiastical or secular, and to, the wealthy inhabitants of the same to cling round us : with zeal, patriotism and affection, and to go their way to support our good magistrate in the vigilance, and loyalty: by deputing representatives from each town of communion furnished with such instructions as she shall deem advisable to ensure the permanency of the new government or it being w. for Fernando the VII the prosperity of the country the triumph of religion gun with her neighbors; and the subjugation na. overthrow of tyranny.

The whole of these provinces are stated to be even beyond description hostile to the French, and to be anxiously desirous of conciliating and strengthening a friendship and alliance with England. It is indeed to the British nation that they look for encouragement and support in their new government; they ask it of you, and, offer us all their friendship. On this mission, a Spanish officer has arrived here with despatches for our naval and military commanders. the precise nature of which although we do not learn, yet we understand, for assistance and protection. Lieutenant Wepnett of the Spanish Colombian army. an official messenger from the Junta at Cumana, arrived here on Wednesday last, in his majesty's schooner Subtle ; and yesterday the Wellington brig of war was dispatched by sir A. Cochrane to Laguira which of itself augurs favorably of the reception of the despatches besides that of the bearer of them having been most courteously received by the admiral.