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Story July 5, 1864

The Western Democrat

Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina

What is this article about?

Confederate General Forrest's forces ambushed and defeated Union General Sturgis's expedition at Brice's Crossroads, Mississippi, in early June, capturing wagons, artillery, and prisoners while inflicting heavy casualties. Pursuit continued, scattering the enemy.

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FORREST'S LATE VICTORY.

A correspondent of the Mobile Advertiser writing from Tupelo, Miss., under date of June 15, gives the annexed account of Forrest's late fight.

On the 1st of June, Gen. Forrest moved Eastward. He had been apprised for some time that a force of from 6,000 to 10,000 was being fitted out in Memphis for an expedition to Sherman's army, in charge of 400 wagon loads of supplies, and for the purpose also of furnishing this much more transportation, with a large ambulance train and twenty-four pieces of artillery, with the troops that accompanied them to Sherman. His force, consisting only of two brigades, immediately returned to pounce upon the enemy. Rucker's brigade returned from Oxford, and Johnson's command came down from North Alabama. Thus this force though not half as large as that of the enemy, was at once, and unexpectedly to the enemy, concentrated on the Mobile and Ohio Road, and just in time to head him at Brice's Cross Roads, six miles from Baldwin. Skirmishing began about 8 o'clock in the morning by Col. Rucker; Col. Johnson soon came up and assisted to hold the enemy in check; Col. Lyon, with his Kentucky brigade, came in before 12 o'clock, and Col. Bell's gallant brigade—with the exception of the 3d Tennessee, commanded by Col. Barteau, who was sent to the enemy's rear—reached the field at 1 o'clock. The enemy seemed frustrated by this sudden resistance on his front, yet pushed vigorously forward and endeavored to overrun our forces. The fighting for the next three hours was severe, and charge after charge was made, column after column was hurled with headlong impetuosity by the enemy against us, and by us against the enemy. At 4 o'clock, the 2d Tennessee had reached the rear of the enemy, and made a furious attack. The enemy at first sent back a regiment of infantry, then 300 cavalry, and becoming still more alarmed at the obstinacy of the attack in front and the appearance of a force in his rear, sent back all his cavalry and commenced a retreat. His forces in front were driven in dismay, and the whole body of his troops demoralized. Wagons, artillery, cavalry, infantry, negroes and wounded went back in one confused mass, blocking up the roads and running through woods and fields. Over two hundred wagons and fourteen pieces of artillery were abandoned in less than one hour after the retreat began.

Our forces pursued until dark and then camped for the night. The greatest injury inflicted upon us during this engagement was by an ambuscade. Wilson's and Russell's regiments, of Bell's brigade, suffered severely. It is unfortunate that more caution was not exercised to prevent such unnecessary damage. The number of killed and wounded in this fight, on our side was over three hundred. The loss of enemy in killed and wounded was near a thousand.

The enemy's force was four brigades, two of cavalry, commanded by Grierson, and two of infantry, all under Brig. Gen. Sturgis; and the commands being full, numbered not less than 9,000. Two negro regiments served as a train guard. But few negroes were captured. They made good their escape.

The pursuit was renewed early in the morning, Gen. Forrest following before daylight with his escort and 7th Tennessee, fighting the enemy until the other commands came up. At Ripley, a desperate fight ensued, in which Bell's brigade and Lyon's greatly distinguished themselves, charging into the town and driving the Yankees from every stronghold they had taken, killing, wounding and capturing five hundred or more. The enemy took the Salem road, and were pressed every inch of the way. A terrible ambuscade was given them by Col. Barteau, near Salem. Having gained a position on their flank, in advance of the column, he dismounted and marched his command within sixty yards of the road. As the column came on, the road was crowded with infantry and cavalry. One sheet of fire from his line, and hundreds lay hors de combat. Charging immediately, upon the road, still further execution was effected until compelled to give way. The 95th Ohio regiment, which was in the rear of the column, and hard pressed by Col. Lyon, surrendered. The various troops of Gen. Buford's command in this, the second day of the pursuit, captured a thousand prisoners.

Having followed the enemy nearly to La Grange, and put his column to flight in fragments, the troops commenced their return on the morning of the 12th, and scoured the woods to the left of the Salem road back to Ripley. The result has been that seven or eight hundred more straggling Yankees were caught. Grierson and Sturgis deserted their commands beyond Ripley, and fled to La Grange.

The outrages committed by the enemy in the expedition exceeded all former example. Houses were robbed of every article necessary to the support of families. Ladies insulted and outraged; children robbed of their clothing and left naked, crying and hungry; old men choked and gagged, and in some instances beaten nearly to death; women kicked out of doors for murmuring at these wrongs, and knocked down by buck negroes in the presence of their husbands. These are some of the injuries that the poor people of North Mississippi have had to endure, and it is things like these that nerved the arms of Forrest's soldiers to fight like demons and to perform deeds of daring unequalled in history. The Southern man who would not fight now, is unfit for freedom, and ought not to enjoy it.

The Mississippi Prairie News gives the following facts derived from Forrest's chief quartermaster:

Yankees killed 1,000; wounded 1,500; captured 2,000. Also 200 wagons; 50 ambulances; 17 pieces of artillery with caissons; 500 mules; 100 horses; 500,000 rounds small arm ammunition; 10,000 rounds cannon ammunition; 5,000 stand small arms; 200,000 pounds pilot bread; 50 barrels sugar; 30 sacks of coffee; $200,000 worth of medicines; 10 barrels of whiskey, and shovels, spades, axes, carpenters' tools, etc., in large numbers.

What sub-type of article is it?

Military Action Historical Event

What themes does it cover?

Bravery Heroism Triumph

What keywords are associated?

Forrest Victory Brice Crossroads Civil War Battle Union Defeat Confederate Pursuit Military Ambush

What entities or persons were involved?

Gen. Forrest Col. Rucker Col. Johnson Col. Lyon Col. Bell Col. Barteau Grierson Brig. Gen. Sturgis Gen. Buford

Where did it happen?

Brice's Cross Roads, Mississippi

Story Details

Key Persons

Gen. Forrest Col. Rucker Col. Johnson Col. Lyon Col. Bell Col. Barteau Grierson Brig. Gen. Sturgis Gen. Buford

Location

Brice's Cross Roads, Mississippi

Event Date

June 1 12

Story Details

Gen. Forrest's smaller Confederate force surprised and defeated Union Gen. Sturgis's larger expedition at Brice's Cross Roads, capturing supplies and artillery after intense fighting and ambuscades. Pursuit over two days led to heavy Union losses, prisoners, and desertions by commanders.

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