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Portland, Cumberland County, Maine
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American newspaper reports a French military bulletin on the Battle of Wagram (July 5-6, 1809), claiming victory over Austrians under Archduke Charles near Vienna, with 20,000 prisoners and 400 cannons captured. French losses: 1,500 dead, 3-4,000 wounded. Followed by armistice on July 12, 1809, between Napoleon and Austrian Emperor.
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Received by an arrival at Baltimore from Denmark.
French Bulletin.
The democrats have been told that they had the French official account of the grand victory that their Emperor had achieved over the Austrians; this account has at length reached us through another channel, and we are no longer at a loss why it has been thus kept back by the French party. By their own official account, it amounts after all, to little more than a drawn battle. Bonaparte tells us indeed that he killed & took an immense number and that he only lost in killed and wounded 4500 that is no more than he lost according to the same authority in his first battle and as his 2000 then turned out to be 36,000 of course he must now have lost 54,000. But a fact that carries its own irresistible evidence along with it that he has obtained no such victory as his party have boasted of, if any, is that out of between 8 and 900 pieces of cannon of his enemy he took but 40 and those 40 doubtless were heavy pieces which belonged to the batteries and could not be carried off. Thus the conquered, mortally wounded Archduke who the Democrats tell us fled with his poor battered remains of an army into Bohemia, contrived to carry off with them above 800 pieces of artillery! This bulletin now follows, and every reader who has been accustomed to peruse the blustering gasconade of French bulletins cannot fail to be struck with the very moderate style of this. In fact, this bulletin claims but little more than the former bulletin claimed at the battle of Eylau, which turned out a defeat.
[New York Herald]
BALTIMORE, SEPT. 9.
We have hastily made the following translation from the "Hamburgh Correspondent" of the 21st July, with which we have been favoured by a gentleman of this city.
MUNICH, JULY 12.
25th Bulletin of the Army.
Wolkersdorf, 8th July.
Passage of the arm of the Danube to the Island of Lobau.
On the 4th at 10 in the evening general Oudinot embarked 1500 of gen. Courbon's voltigeurs on the great arm of the Danube. Col. Baste with 10 gun boats carried them out and landed them beyond the confluence of the left arm of the Island of Lobau in the Danube. The batteries of the enemy were soon silenced! and he was pursued from the wood to the village of Muhlendorf.
At 11 o'clock in the evening the batteries planted against Enzersdorf received orders to begin to fire. The howitzers reduced this unfortunate small city to ashes, and in less than half an hour the enemies batteries were silenced.
At 7 o'clock after midnight, the army had the bridges, and the left wing debouched, under the protection of the batteries 1500 toises below Enzersdorf, and the right at Wittau. The corps of the Duke of Rivoli (Massaena) composed the right wing, that of Oudinot the center, and Auersperg (Davoust) the left wing. The corps of the Duke of Ponte Corvo, (Bernadotte), of the Viceroy, and of Ragusa (Marmont), the guard and the cuirassiers, composed the 2d line, and the reserve. The great darkness a heavy storm and a rain which poured into the streams rendered this night as dreadful, as it was favourable to the French army and glorious as it was to us.
On the 5th at the earliest dawn, every man perceived the emperor's plan, who was now with his army in order of battle at the furthest extremity of the enemy's left wing: had turned all his intrenchments, rendered all his works useless, and had compelled the Austrians to move out of their posts and to give him battle upon ground which was advantageous.
This great problem was accomplished, and without passing the Danube any where else, without even a single shot from the works the enemy was obliged to fight three quarters of a league from his redoubt. Now was anticipated the greatest and most happy result.
At 8 in the morning, the batteries which played upon Enzersdorf, had produced such effect that the enemy was fain to take possession of it with 4 battalions. The duke of Rivoli ordered his first Aid de camp St. Croix to march against it, of which he possessed himself without much opposition and captured every thing in it.
Count Oudinot surrounded the Fortress of Sachsenshaug, which the enemy had garrisoned. compelled 900 men which defended it to surrender and took 28 pieces of cannon. Now the emperor ordered his whole army to display upon the immense plain of Enzerdorf.
Meanwhile, the enemy who had committed an error in his plan, recovered from his stupor, and endeavoured to command new advantages on the left of battle. For this purpose he detached many columns of infantry, a great number of artillery and all his cavalry, as well as of the line as new levies, in order to pose to outflank the right wing of the French army. Whereupon he took possession of the village of Raasdorf. The emperor ordered Count Oudinot to retake this village, and ordered the duke of Auersperg to pass on the right of it, and direct himself against the head quarters of the Archduke Charles, as he was continuing to march from the right to the left.
From noon till nine o'clock in the evening we manoeuvred in this vast plain. We took all the villages, and as we approached the heights of their entrenched posts, they retired from them as though through magic. The Duke of Rivoli caused them to be taken possession of without opposition. In this manner we got into our power, the works of Essling and Gross Aspern, and thus the 4 days work of the enemy was rendered totally useless to him. At Raasdorf, which the Duke of Ponte Corvo caused to be attacked and taken, he met with some opposition. The enemy was every where put to flight and annihilated by the superiority of our fire. The immense field of battle remained covered with his fragments.
BATTLE OF WAGRAM.
Greatly dismayed by the progress of the French army, and its great results occasioned almost without an effort, the enemy ordered all his troops to march, and in the evening took the following position: His right wing extended from Stadlau to Gerndorf, his center from Gerndorf to Wagram, and his left wing from Wagram to Neudistel. The left wing of the French army was at Great Aspern, its center at Raasdorf, and its right at Glinzendorf. In this order night came on, and we prepared for a great battle the next morning. The position of the enemy was reconnoitered throughout, in order to hinder him to adopt any system, after we should take possession of the village of Wagram in the night. In that case his line already extended, precarious, and surprised by a change of camp, must have suffered the different corps to be mixed without order or object, and the affair would soon be terminated without any serious conflict. Wagram was attacked, our troops took the village; but a Saxon column and a French column in the dark took each other for enemies and the operation miscarried.
Already we were prepared for the battle of Wagram. It appears that the dispositions of French and Austrian generals were opposed to each other.
The emperor employed the whole night to draw together his forces into the center, where he was personally within cannon shot of Wagram. For this purpose the duke of Rivoli marched to the left of Aderklaa, and left a single division at Aspern, which had orders in case of necessity to retreat to the island of Lobau. The duke of Auersperg had orders to advance beyond the village of Grosshof, in order to approach the center. The Austrian general in the mean time weakened his center, in order to occupy and strengthen his wings, to which he gave an additional extent.
On the 6th at day break the Duke of Ponte Corvo occupied the left wing. In his second line was the Duke of Rivoli. The Viceroy closed in the center, where the corps of Count Oudinot, that of the Duke of Ragusa he corps of the Imperial Guard, and the division of Cuirassiers formed 7 or 8 lines. The Duke of Auersperg marched from the right wing to reach the center. The enemy on the other hand placed the corps of Bellegarde at Radlau in March: the corps Colowrath, Lichtenstein and Muller united with the right wing in the position of Wagram, where the Prince of Hohenzollern was, and at the end of the left wing at Neudistel, where the corps of Rosenberg and Rosenberg, debouched, and by a curved movement at the early dawn fell up on each other and gave the signal for battle.
The Emperor equally commenced at this period, ordered the Duke of Auersperg to be reinforced by the division of Cuirassiers of the Duke of Padua, and the corps of Rosenberg to be taken in flank by a battery of 12 pieces of the division of gen. count Nansouty. In less than three quarters of an hour the fine corps of Auersperg had defeated the corps of Rosenberg and pursued it beyond Neudistel, and did it great injury.
Meanwhile the cannonade became general through the whole line, and the disposition of the enemy disclosed itself every moment. His whole left wing was lined with artillery. It might be said, that the Austrian General prepared not to obtain a victory, but that he had in view only the means of taking advantage of it. This disposition seemed so unskilful, that a defeat was anticipated, and the emperor waited some time before he ordered the small disposition which was necessary, to frustrate that of the enemy and render it a misfortune to him.
He ordered the Duke of Rivoli to attack a village which the enemy occupied, and by which the centre of the army was a little galled. He ordered the duke of Auersperg, to take the position of Neudistel and thence to advance to Wagram, and ordered the Duke of Ragusa, and General Macdonald to form in columns to seize upon Wagram the moment the duke of Auersperg debouched.
After these occurrences we were informed that the enemy made a desperate assault upon the village which the Duke of Rivoli had taken; our left wing was surrounded at 3000 toises, a violent cannonade was already heard at Gross Aspern, and the whole interval between Gross Aspern and Wagram was occupied by an immense line of Artillery. No doubt was left about it.
The emperor in this situation, ordered general Macdonald to form the divisions of Broussier and Lamarque into columns for the attack. He ordered them to be supported by the divisions of gen. Nansouty, the horse-guards and forty detachments of different corps. Gen. Count Lauriston marched at the head of this battery of 100 pieces of artillery against the enemy, approached him without firing, till he came within half cannon shot, and then commenced an astonishing fire, whereby slaughter and death were carried into the enemy's ranks. The general of division Reille supported with the brigade of fusileers and tirailleurs the guard of gen. Macdonald. The guard altered its front to render the attack infallible. In a moment the centre of the enemy lost a league of ground. His astonished wing marked the danger of the situation in which it was and in great haste moved back. Now the Duke of Rivoli attacked him during the fight of the centre and the movement forced the right wing, Neudistel was taken from his left wing, by the Duke of Auersperg, who ascended the hill and marched against Wagram, attacked and surrounded it. The divisions of Broussier and Gudin covered themselves with glory.
It was now 10 o'clock in the morning, and intelligent men saw that the day was decided, and that victory was on our side.
At noon, Count Oudinot marched against Wagram, to support the attack of the Duke of Auersperg. He succeeded, and he got possession of this important station.
From 10 o'clock the enemy thought of nothing but his retreat. Since noon, this was plainly going on and in disorder, and long before night came on the enemy was out of sight. Our left wing stood at Neudistel and at Eberdorf, our centre near Eberdorf, and the cavalry of our right wing was extended, their posts at Schoenkirchen.
On the 7th at day break the army was in motion and marched against Korneuberg and Wolkersdorf, and took post at Nicolsburg. The enemy cut off from Hungary and Mahren found itself on the side of Bohemia driven in a fright.
Such is the representation of the battle of Wagram, the distinguished and ever glorious battle, where from 3 to 400,000 men with from 12 to 1500 cannon, fought for a great interest, on a field which by the enemy was studied and fortified for several months. Ten standards, 400 cannon, 20,000 prisoners, among whom are from 3 to 400 officers, and among whom are a considerable number of Generals, Colonels and Majors, are the trophies of this victory.
The fields of battle are covered with dead bodies, among whom were found the bodies of several generals, and among the rest that of Mr. Normann, a Frenchman and traitor to his country, who prostituted his talents against it. All the wounded of the enemy have fallen into our hands. Those whom he was able to carry off, at the beginning of the battle, were found in the environs of the villages. We may compute that the result of this battle cost the Austrian army in all about 60,000 men, our loss is estimated at 1500 dead and 3 or 4000 wounded.
At the moment when the Duke of Istria was ordering the attack of the cavalry, his horse was killed by a cannon ball. The shot struck the saddle and occasioned him a light contusion of the thigh.
The general of division Lasalle was killed by a musket ball. He was an officer of great merit and one of the best generals of light horse.
The Bavarian General Von Wrede and the Generals Peras, Grenier, Vignolle Sahuc and Desfource were wounded, Col. Prince Aldobrandini was struck on the arm by a musket ball. The majors of Chasseurs of the guard, Dausmenil and Corbineau, and Col. St. Croix were also wounded. The Adjutant Commander Duprat was killed. The Col. of the 9th regiment of infantry of the line remained on the field of battle. This regiment covered itself with glory.
The general staff is making out a statement of our loss.
A singular circumstance in this great battle is that the columns, which lay nearest to Vienna, were not 200 toises distant from it. The numerous population covered the towers, roofs and heights, to witness this great spectacle.
The emperor of Austria quitted Wolkersdorf on the 6th at 8 in the morning, and ascended a Belvedere, whence he saw the field of battle, and remained till noon, when he scampered away at full speed.
The French head quarters arrived on the 7th in the morning at Wolkersdorf.
(In the beginning of the bulletin remarks are made on the position of the armies. The Austrians were in all stated at 200,000 men, and their artillery at from 8 to 900 field pieces.)
Note of the German Editor.
(Translated for the American.)
HAMBURG, July 21.
8 o'clock, P.M.
This moment a courier from the emperor and king has arrived with a copy of the armistice agreed upon between the two emperors on the 12th inst. and has brought us the agreeable news that peace is very near.
ARMISTICE
Agreed upon between the emperor of France and king of Italy and the emperor of Austria.
Art. 1. There shall be an armistice between his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy and his majesty the emperor of Austria.
Art. 2. The line of demarkation, on the part of Austria, is the boundary between Austria and Bohemia, the circle of Brunn, and a line established on the confines of Mahren above Raab. This line begins at Brunn, near March and the March on other side with its confluence with the Zaya, from thence to St. Johns and along the road from Presburg, Reisenberg and three miles around the city. The river Danube until its confluence with the Raab and three miles from its banks until it reaches Styermark, Carinthia, Istria, (with the exception of Fiume which is submitted to the determination of his highness the archduke Charles.)
Art. 3. The citadels of Brunn and Gratz shall be immediately delivered up after signing of the armistice.
Art. 4. The Austrian troops shall evacuate the Tyrol and Voralberg; the fort of Sachsenburg shall be delivered up to the French troops.
Art. 5. The magazines, provisions and arms in those places in possession of the Austrian troops, may be carried away.
Art. 6. With regard to Poland, both armies shall occupy what they at present possess.
Art. 7. The present armistice shall continue for one month, and fifteen days notice shall be given prior to the commencement of hostilities.
Art. 8. Commissioners on both sides shall be appointed to fulfil the conditions of this armistice.
Art. 9. Tomorrow (the 13th) the Austrian troops shall begin to evacuate the territories designated in the armistice. Fort Brunn shall be delivered up to the French on the 14th, and Gratz on the 16th July inst.
Done and concluded by the undersigned and authorised by both sovereigns.
Baron VON VIMPSEN, Maj. Gen. in chief of the staff of the Austrian army.
His excellency The Prince NEUCHATEL.
Certified by the Gen. of the staff of the 3d corps.
REUBEL.
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Foreign News Details
Primary Location
Wagram, Austria
Event Date
July 5 6, 1809; Armistice July 12, 1809
Key Persons
Outcome
french victory claimed: 10 standards, 400 cannon, 20,000 prisoners (including 300-400 officers and generals). austrian losses: ~60,000 men. french losses: 1,500 dead, 3,000-4,000 wounded. armistice agreed, austrian evacuation of territories, delivery of fortresses.
Event Details
French forces under Napoleon crossed the Danube to Lobau Island on July 4, maneuvered to outflank Austrians, leading to the Battle of Wagram on July 5-6. French captured villages, artillery positions, and Wagram, forcing Austrian retreat. Pursuit on July 7. Armistice signed July 12, establishing demarcation lines and troop withdrawals.