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Rock Island, Rock Island County County, Illinois
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Editorial denouncing General Sheridan's dispatch for calling Southern groups 'banditti' and proposing military trials and executions, violating U.S. Constitution's protections for personal liberty, grand jury indictments, and jury trials in three states.
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How he proposed to act, we gather from his dispatch. To arrest and try the ringleaders of what he calls the armed White Leagues. To try them by a military commission. Execution, then, would instantly follow sentence and the cities and villages of three states would be the scenes of a carnage, the horrors of which no imagination can adequately depict. In this recommendation he totally disregards all the guarantees of personal liberty contained in the constitution. Those guarantees are to be found in the constitution itself, and it is historically certain that, without an assurance that they would be provided, the constitution would not have been ratified. Among them-not to mention them all-are, first the security of the people against seizure of their persons; second, that no person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury," except persons in the military or naval service of the United States; third, that every party charged with a crime is secured a trial "by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed," and this trial by jury was also provided by the original constitution.
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Criticism of Sheridan's dispatch labeling people in three states as 'banditti,' suggesting presidential proclamation for military trials and executions, which disregards constitutional guarantees of personal liberty, security against seizure, grand jury indictment, and trial by impartial jury.