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Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania
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Extract of a letter from Nantes dated October 16, 1794, reports French Republican successes against England, Spain, Savoy, and internal rebels; military levies, calendar reform, executions, and arrests of deputies accused of monarchism.
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Extract of a letter from Nantz, dated October 16th, 1794, to captain Molinary, Philadelphia.
I cannot send you any news more agreeable or more glorious, than that the republic is saved notwithstanding the infamous treasons that daily come to light. Custine suffered last month and many generals, who were of his plot, have shared his fate, but no matter, all is well, ca ira.
England has lost ten thousand men before Dunkirk, and Spain has lost her three camps near Perpignan. We are in Catalonia. The king of Savoy has lost all his dominions, except Piedmont, where he is so closely hemmed in, that he cannot escape; his treasure, cannon provisions and ammunition have all fallen into our hands. Lyons is reduced to ashes: ten thousand emigrants were there put to the sword after having sustained a siege of two months. All that remains to be subdued is the devoted town of Toulon, which has been betrayed to the English and which we are now closely besieging with an army of 72 thousand men.
As for the lawless banditti of this country who were so insignificant when you left this they are become an object of serious concern. In June last two hundred thousand of them attacked us at all the points in the city, but were repulsed with considerable loss: they have since repassed the Loire. For these two months. 180 thousand men of the republican troops have been in pursuit of these insurgents.
Not a day passes but they attack them, and it is probable that before the end of this month they will be utterly destroyed. All the navy and all the merchantmen are called into actual service. Preparations are making for a descent on England, and it is thought that the troops here consisting of 180 thousand men, are intended for that expedition. Naples and the Duke of Tuscany have just declared war against us. No matter; we are driving all before us. The Austrians, Prussians, Hessians and Dutch can hold out no longer.
A fresh levy of 450 thousand men has lately been completed, all well armed and equipped; a part of them are already on the frontiers, and the rest are soon to follow Another levy is now raising of the like number, 40 thousand cavalry are already enrolled and on their march for the frontiers.
The first levy was composed of men of every rank without distinction from the age of 18 to 25, and the other levy which is almost completed is to be composed of men from the age of 25 to 45. Every young man and widower without children is obliged to marry. All utensils of iron and all bells are carried to the national founderies.
Our calendar is reformed. Men of improved understandings have introduced more order into it and made it more worthy of a free people. We have expelled from it all the saints, all the monuments of ignorance and fanaticism which have done so much mischief and which are the causes of our present sufferings. Instead of those vile miscreants who owe their canonization to their slothful life and their imbecility we have substituted the names of those heroes who have done honour to human nature in ancient times, and who are now our models. The months are of 30 days, the weeks of 10 and at the end of each week a day is consecrated to repose and to the celebration of the epocha of our immortal revolution. Four hundred merchants and stockjobbers have been executed at Marseilles. This example has made that town and Bourdeaux return to the principles of our revolution.
Commercial aristocracy attempted to succeed the aristocracy of the nobles and the priesthood, but this the interior departments did not relish. We shall be free and we shall leave to posterity either a dreadful catastrophe to bewail, or grand examples for their imitation,
"Eighty more deputies to the National Convention have been lately arrested, of which number are Faure and Bailleul! They are accused of wishing the restoration of monarchy in the person of Louis XVII. Those concerned in the disturbances of Lyons, Toulon and Vendee are immediately to be tried."
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Foreign News Details
Primary Location
France
Event Date
October 16th, 1794
Key Persons
Outcome
england lost ten thousand men before dunkirk; spain lost three camps near perpignan; king of savoy lost dominions except piedmont, his treasure cannon provisions and ammunition captured; lyons reduced to ashes, ten thousand emigrants put to the sword; toulon besieged by 72 thousand men; vendee insurgents repulsed with loss, pursued by 180 thousand troops, probable destruction; 400 merchants and stockjobbers executed at marseilles; eighty deputies arrested including faure and bailleul accused of monarchism; fresh levy of 450 thousand men completed, another raising, 40 thousand cavalry enrolled; naples and duke of tuscany declared war; austrians prussians hessians and dutch cannot hold out.
Event Details
Letter reports salvation of the republic despite treasons; Custine and plotting generals executed last month; French forces in Catalonia; preparations for descent on England with 180 thousand men; all navy and merchantmen in service; calendar reformed with new names honoring heroes, months of 30 days, weeks of 10, rest day for revolution; every young man and widower without children obliged to marry; iron utensils and bells to foundries; commercial aristocracy rejected; trials for disturbances in Lyons Toulon and Vendee.