The Daily Cincinnati Republican, And Commercial Register

From the N. Y. Com. Advertiser, of November 26.

SIXTEEN DAYS LATER FROM ENGLAND.

This morning—the packet ship Roscoe, Capt. Delano, arrived from Liverpool, whence she sailed on the 24th of October. By this arrival the Editors of the Commercial Advertiser have their usual supply of London papers to the 23d of October, and Liverpool to the 24th, both inclusive.

Return of Captain Ross.

ARCTIC DISCOVERY.—The most interesting item of intelligence furnished by this arrival, relates to the unexpected return of Capt. Ross, from the Arctic Regions. This intrepid navigator, after an absence of three years and a half, has returned to England in safety, when all reasonable hope had fled, even of his existence. The expedition of Captain Back, sent forth for his possible rescue and relief, and which in every sense of the phrase might be termed the forlorn hope, has been superseded in its purpose by this gratifying intelligence—and our concern and sympathies may now be directed to him who has been sent to succor the returned.

Capt. Ross, with the whole of his party except three, two of whom died on the passage out, and one at a later period, arrived at Hull on the morning of Friday, the 18th of October.

The hardy veteran, (says the Hull Advertiser,) was dressed in seal-skin trowsers, with the hair outwards, over which he wore a faded naval uniform; and the weather-beaten countenances of himself and his companions bore evident marks of the hardships they had undergone, although they appeared in excellent health. On landing, at half past 9 yesterday (Friday) morning, from the Gazelle, the Capt. and his comrades, Commander J. Ross, Surgeon M'Derin, and Mr. Thom, the second officer of the expedition, with Captain Humphreys, proceeded to the Victoria Hotel. Within a few minutes after his arrival, the news spread rapidly through the town, and crowds proceeded to congratulate the adventurers. The Mayor and Alderman waited on Captain Ross, in procession, and conducted him to the Mansion House where he partook of some refreshment. The wardens, and several of the Elder Brethren, of the Trinity House, a deputation from the Commissioners of Pilots, and several other public bodies also waited on him to present their congratulations. The bells rang merry peals—the colors were hoisted on all the shipping in the port, and a public dinner was to be given at 2 o'clock to Captain Ross, by the principal inhabitants. He was to start for London at 4 in the evening. The freedom of the Corporation was presented to him in a silver box.

It was in 1829 that Capt. Ross fitted out his expedition to determine the practicability of a new passage, which had been confidently stated to exist, particularly by Prince Regent's Inlet, but in consequence of the loss of the foremast of his vessel, the Victory, he was obliged to refit at Wideford, in Greenland. The accounts of his departure from thence on the 27th July, 1829, formed the last authentic intelligence received of the expedition. By the subsequent details it will be perceived that he was picked up by the Isabella of Hull,—the very ship—by a singular coincidence, in which he made his last voyage to the Arctic regions.

By Captain Ross's account it appears, that the first season—that of 1829—was the mildest that had ever been recorded, and the sea was more clear of ice than had been experienced during any preceding voyages. On the 14th of August Capt. Ross reached the spot where the stores of the Fury were landed without experiencing any difficulty, and there he found the provisions, &c. but not the wreck, which had totally disappeared. Having supplied all his wants at this depot, he advanced to the southward round Cape Cary, from whence the west coast led him in a S. W. direction, to the lat. of 72 deg. N. Here he was for the first time seriously impeded by ice; but, after examining an inlet, he proceeded to urge his way to the southward, as near the west shore as the shallowness of the water permitted, and occasionally landed to take possession of the newly discovered region for the British crown, with the usual ceremony. Owing to the rapidity of the tides and currents, the stubborn quality of the ice, and the rocky character of the coast, the voyage was extremely perilous. Having experienced several almost miraculous escapes from shipwreck they ultimately succeeded in reaching the 70 deg. of lat. in a direction nearly due south of Fury Point, where their course was arrested by an impenetrable barrier of ponderous ice. In a harbor there they wintered.

In January 1830, they opened a communication with a tribe of natives, who had never before held intercourse with strangers. Friendship was soon formed between them and the tars, and the first winter, which was not very severe, was spent very pleasantly. Having learned from the natives, that the east sea was divided from the west by a neck of land, the point was examined, and all hope in effecting a passage in that direction completely extinguished. Commander Ross (nephew of Capt. Ross) who was sent to survey the coast of the west sea, leading to Cape Turnagain, succeeded in getting within 150 miles of it, and left off within a short distance of where Capt. Back expected Fish River to join the sea. They also determined that the land was contiguous to that which forms Repulse Bay.

During the autumn of 1830, the voyagers waited in vain for the ice to dissolve, as it had done the preceding year. They had not, with great exertion, proceeded more than four miles, (retracing their course) when they were arrested, in a very dreary position, by the approach of a winter unparalleled in severity—the lowest temperature being 92 degrees below the freezing point. The summer proving no less rigorous for the season, little hope was entertained of a release, and a further progress of fourteen miles was all they could accomplish.

In October 1831, the ship was laid up in the harbor in which she at present lies moored, and where the party endured the rigors of another winter, not less severe than that of the preceding year. Their provisions being consumed, they had now no alternative but to abandon the vessel, and proceed to the spot where the Fury's provisions still remained—a direct distance of 200 miles, which was increased by one-half, in consequence of the circuitous route which the ice obliged them to take. They accordingly left the Victory in May 1832, and, after a journey of uncommon labor and hardship, reached Fury Beach in the month of July. During this journey, they had not only to carry their provisions and sick, but also a supply of fuel; for without melting snow they could not procure even a drink of water. They repaired the Fury's boats, and attempted to escape; but it was September before they reached Leopold's Island, which they have fully established to be the N. E. point of America. Here they vainly waited for the ice to break. It presented an impenetrable mass, extending across Lancaster Sound, and intercepting the progress of the fishing ships, which could advance no further than Admiralty Inlet, where some remained as late as the 19th of September the same year. Winter set in, and they had no choice left but to retrace their steps, and spend another inclement season in canvass huts covered with snow. They had no beds, clothing, or animal food. Captain Ross says that their sufferings cannot be completely submitted to the public, for it could not be believed what they had undergone.—The crew were so much reduced that they had to be carried to Batty Bay, where the boats had been left. The carpenter perished; and several others of the crew were so much reduced that they had to be carried to Batty Bay, where the boats had been left.

The spring and summer of the present year afforded the desolate party more cheering hopes.—The ice opened on the 24th of August, and on the same day that Capt Humphreys, in the Isabella, tried to reach Leopold's Island they arrived there. The former could not cross the ice, and was driven by a N. W. gale to the southward, up Prince Regent's Inlet. The party remained until the gale had departed, and having crossed when the Isabella was to the southward, they passed to the northward of her; having gained the shore of Lancaster Sound, they reached its entrance before the Isabella overtook them. It is impossible of any description to do justice to the feelings on either side at meeting.—None but those who have been in a similar situation can form any idea of what passed in the minds of men rescued from such misery by the hand of Divine Providence; nor can the feelings of him who has selected as the instrument of mercy be fully appreciated.

The party were not more reduced by their sufferings than might have been expected. They have now recovered from the effects of those sufferings. The circumstance that Capt. Ross was rescued by the ship he commanded in 1818, is a curious and happy conclusion of the voyage, the result of which has been to establish, that THERE IS NO NEW PASSAGE SOUTH OF 74 DEGREES.

The country discovered, which is larger than G. Britain, has been named Boothia, after Felix Booth, Esq. Sheriff of London in 1829, who much assisted Captain Ross in fitting out the expedition. The true position of the magnetic pole has been discovered, and much valuable information obtained for the improvement of geographical and philosophical knowledge. Captain Ross had a good opportunity of verifying his former survey of the west coast of Baffin's Bay, which every master of a Greenland ship can testify to be the most correct.

Only three men died during the voyage, two of whom were men whose constitutions were unfit for the climate. On the whole, it may be truly said, that this expedition has done more than any that preceded it; and let it be remembered that Captain Ross and his nephew were volunteers, serving without pay, for the attainment of a great national object, in prosecuting which they have lost their all.