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Story May 10, 1851

Weekly National Intelligencer

Washington, District Of Columbia

What is this article about?

Report on improving Indian affairs in California: treaty with Tuolumne tribes for land on Merced River, provisions, and peace; refusal by other tribes prompting military action by Major Savage; Dr. Wozencraft's diplomatic travel; military escorts prepared; recent volunteer fight against San Joaquin Indians resulting in casualties and surrender.

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INDIAN AFFAIRS.
Indian affairs appear to be in a more satisfactory condition. A treaty had been concluded with the tribes on the Tuolumne river, of which the following sketch is given in one of the papers:
"A location is to be selected on the upper portion of the Merced river, in as eligible a district as possible, susceptible of cultivation, and as near the range of foot-hills as practicable. The allotment will be made so as to allow about one hundred and sixty acres to each family. They are to be furnished with cattle, horses, and mules, agricultural implements and seeds; with a blacksmith and a farmer, and other persons to instruct them in the art of husbandry as practised by the whites; also with schools. They pledged themselves to till the land and maintain a perpetual peace with the whites on these conditions, holding themselves amenable to the established laws, and having the privilege of obtaining redress from injuries inflicted by the whites at the same tribunals of justice. They are not to receive any bounty or annuity from the Government other than that awarded them at the outset of their new career."
"The other two tribes have, it is said, sent word that they will not treat, and in consequence Major Savage has been informed by the Commissioners that he is at liberty to take active measures against them, and he will probably at once commence operations."
Dr. Wozencraft, one of the commissioners who had visited San Francisco to purchase supplies, left there on the 29th of March to be present at a "talk," which was to be held with the Indians on the 1st of April. After the treaty which was expected to be the result was completed, the commissioners would probably separate, and pursue the objects of their mission in different sections of the country. Gen. Smith had given orders for two companies at Benicia and one at Camp Far West to hold themselves in readiness to form, with Capt. Key's command, three escorts—one to accompany a commissioner to Los Angeles, one to the Fresno, where Capt. Keys is at present, and one to the Trinidad and Northern Indian country generally.
News had been received at San Francisco of a fight between the State troops and the Indians on the San Joaquin.
"The Indians made a descent upon their camp and stole seven mules. The next day their commander (Capt. Kirkendale) proceeded about thirty miles on foot with some forty men after the Indians, who fled to a rancheria in the mountains, where a large body of Indians were assembled. The volunteers attacked them, drove them from their position, burnt their rancheria, and killed a number of Indians. The Indians sent in a runner, asking for cessation of hostilities, and permission to take their dead to burn their bodies. They were informed of the desire of the whites to make peace and enable them to provide for themselves, without plundering the whites for a subsistence. They professed previous ignorance of the design of the whites, and a wise desire to come and treat. They surrendered a number of prisoners, and were permitted to take possession of their dead, on condition that they would come in to the San Joaquin, near Washington, at once, and await the arrival of the commissioners, promising to bring in from two to six hundred. Capt. K. says they killed ten of the Indians and wounded several, destroyed several tons of jerked beef and large quantities of acorns."

What sub-type of article is it?

Historical Event Military Action

What themes does it cover?

Justice Misfortune

What keywords are associated?

Indian Treaty Tuolumne Tribes Merced River Allotment Major Savage Operations San Joaquin Fight Volunteer Attack Indian Surrender

What entities or persons were involved?

Dr. Wozencraft Major Savage Gen. Smith Capt. Key Capt. Kirkendale

Where did it happen?

Tuolumne River, Merced River, San Francisco, San Joaquin, Benicia, Camp Far West, Fresno, Trinidad, Northern Indian Country

Story Details

Key Persons

Dr. Wozencraft Major Savage Gen. Smith Capt. Key Capt. Kirkendale

Location

Tuolumne River, Merced River, San Francisco, San Joaquin, Benicia, Camp Far West, Fresno, Trinidad, Northern Indian Country

Event Date

29th Of March, 1st Of April

Story Details

Treaty concluded with Tuolumne tribes for land allotment on Merced River, provisions, instruction in farming, schools, and peace under laws; other tribes refuse treatment, allowing Major Savage military action; Dr. Wozencraft travels for April 1 talk; military escorts prepared for commissioners; volunteers under Capt. Kirkendale fight San Joaquin Indians after mule theft, kill ten, burn rancheria, leading to Indian surrender and promise to treat.

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