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Foreign News October 14, 1794

The New Hampshire Gazette

Portsmouth, Rockingham County, New Hampshire

What is this article about?

Letter from St. Marc's, St. Domingo, details disasters in the slave revolt: treason at Gonaives costing 230 lives, massacre at Fort Dauphin (771 killed), Montalembert's successful sorties killing 900 negroes, English aid in operations, Spanish evacuation, and recapture of Jacmel.

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PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 24.

Extract of a letter from St. Domingo, dated St. Marcs, the 2d and 27th August—to a friend in Philadelphia.

"I disembarked at St. Marc's after 21 days passage—I have been astonished at the disasters I have witnessed, they are innumerable—those at Gonaives among others, where by the treason of the Spaniards in concert with the negroes we lost 230 men, nearly all inhabitants—The suburbs were destroyed by fire—the people saved themselves at St. Marc's some by land and some by water—The English, amidst all the severity of existing circumstances, conduct themselves well—we do not complain of all the Spaniards; but the President Don Garcias is a traitor.

"In the affair of Fort Dauphin; 771 inhabitants were massacred by the troops of Jean Francois. The whites were those victims who by the perfidious insinuations of Father Vasquez, that scourge of Axabon, were sacrificed to the vengeance of Don Garcias, made furious by an address and complaint made against him signed by these same inhabitants, as well as by the officers of the Spanish squadron, and sent to the Court of Spain.

"Eight days since, the legion of Montalembert, consisting of 200 men, made a successful sortie they took the chief, and were going to punish him, but he begged his life and promised to discover some camps of negroes—this he has done.—He gave the word of command—which was cochen dans bois, et plante patate.. Montalembert attacked a camp, surprised the sentinel, and found 900 negroes, which he put to the sword—Since then Montalembert has had new successes.

"Yesterday a vessel arrived from the Cape, bringing the women which Villatte, commandant of that city, had sent off—They were bound to Port de Paix, but by contrary winds were driven below Tortue—and the Captain was obliged to come in here. The passengers report that they left about 60 whites, women and children, and 300 or 400 mulattoes.

"Two bananas cost a quarter of a dollar; and they are obliged to go five or six leagues to get provisions. Every day from 20 to 25 persons die of hunger. Villatte conducts himself with some humanity. But the most cruel person there is a white named Rodridue; formerly a soldier of the Cape regiment, from which he was expelled. M. Cormaux de la Chapelle, and the old, are still at the Cape. Caesar Galbaud is yet in prison. Le Borgne will save himself if there is no treason; there are 7 or 800 determined men. Levaux continues at Port-de-Paix—he is in a pretty good situation.

"The evening of the departure of this vessel from the Cape, two American vessels entered that port with provisions. It is said that they have also some military stores, I cannot believe it. We go out to day with the English commandant M. Brisbane, and 1500 men.

"August 27.—We returned with M. Brisbane. Our enterprise has been very successful. We ought not to expect, after the treason at Gonaives, to enter immediately on our estates without firing a gun. M. Brisbane has begun to establish order The negroes are submitting, and coming in from all quarters; they are here the sworn enemies of the Spaniards—who have, per agreement with the English commandant, consented to evacuate la petite Riviere de l'Artibonite, where the English flag is now flying even to l' Artibonite.

"To day we set off for Gonaives, Terre Neuve, and doubt not we shall return in two months, having other successes—We shall soon be at London, &c. &c. The same success attends Port-au-Prince, Cul de Sac, &c. Eight days since, Jacmel, (from whence the Commissioners Sonthonax and Polverel embarked in a French vessel) was taken from the negroes—The mulattoes favored the coup-de-main, with some whites, and part of the legion of Montalembert. They sent immediately to Port-au-Prince for an English officer, who now has actually the command there."

What sub-type of article is it?

Rebellion Or Revolt Military Campaign Colonial Affairs

What keywords are associated?

St Domingue Revolt Gonaives Treason Fort Dauphin Massacre Montalembert Sortie English Intervention Spanish Evacuation Jacmel Recapture

What entities or persons were involved?

Don Garcias Jean Francois Father Vasquez Montalembert Villatte M. Brisbane Sonthonax Polverel Caesar Galbaud Le Borgne Levaux

Where did it happen?

St. Domingo

Foreign News Details

Primary Location

St. Domingo

Event Date

2d And 27th August

Key Persons

Don Garcias Jean Francois Father Vasquez Montalembert Villatte M. Brisbane Sonthonax Polverel Caesar Galbaud Le Borgne Levaux

Outcome

230 men lost at gonaives; 771 massacred at fort dauphin; 900 negroes killed in camp; successful sorties and enterprises; spanish evacuation of la petite riviere de l'artibonite; jacmel retaken from negroes.

Event Details

Letter describes disasters from Spanish treason and negro revolt in St. Domingo: loss of Gonaives with 230 dead and town burned; massacre at Fort Dauphin by Jean Francois's troops; Montalembert's legion captures negro chief, discovers and slaughters 900 in camp; vessel from Cape reports hunger deaths and situation there; joint operation with English M. Brisbane successful, negroes submitting, Spaniards evacuating; plans to retake Gonaives and Terre Neuve; Jacmel captured with mulatto and white aid, now under English command.

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