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Editorial November 22, 1809

Alexandria Daily Gazette, Commercial & Political

Alexandria, Virginia

What is this article about?

This Federal Republican editorial denounces Napoleon Bonaparte as a tyrant, detailing his atrocities from Toulon to Egypt and beyond, criticizes Democratic editors for advocating submission to France, and warns Americans against aligning with France against England to avoid subjugation and preserve liberty.

Merged-components note: This is a continuation of the same editorial article across pages 2 and 3, as the text flows directly from the end of the first component to the start of the second (ending mid-sentence on 'cruel rid' and starting with 'would swell into a volume'). Sequential reading orders 35 and 36.

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From the Federal Republican.

CORRUPT--DIVIDE AND--TERRIFY.
The three Great Pillars of Napoleon's Throne.

By his gold, the emperor of France has corrupted some of the greatest men in Europe; by his intrigues he has divided the most powerful nations of the continent; and by his power and fortune terrified the dastards of every clime.

The Atlantic separates France from the U. S. therefore, have we so far escaped the gripe of foreign tyranny. But we are in imminent danger of falling under the French yoke. It is folly, nay treachery to our country, to attempt a concealment of our perilous condition. The measures of our government prove that our rulers have been blindly led by the influence of a foreign tyrant; the adherents of those rulers publicly espouse the cause of usurpation and despotism, and every day brings us nearer the point to which democracy drives us--subjugation to a foreign despot, anarchy and civil bloodshed at home.

How have Americans fallen from their high estate of peace, dignity and greatness! Folly, corruption and cowardice, seem to have tainted even the dispositions of many of the people. The emissaries of Napoleon have poisoned their minds, and his hired agents are even suffered in the public prints to recommend submission to his tyranny and injustice. Let us, say democratic editors. "cower under the wings of Bonaparte's Eagles." The time at which this treasonable exhortation to become slaves, was uttered, adds not a little to its baseness. We had just received intelligence, that the tyrant of France, had spurned and rejected our mild entreaties for peace; that our uniting against England, was the lowest price of his forbearance, and that our minister despairing of any accommodation, was about to depart from France. At such a moment, finding that negociation was useless; that no remonstrances would make the tyrant relent, that all the immense property perfidiously wrested from our merchants in violation of an existing treaty, was to be converted into the means of supporting his wars, and perpetuating scenes of vice, blood and desolation--at such a moment, did the editor of a leading ministerial paper, recommend submission to French cruelty and injustice. He exhorted free Americans to "cower under the wings of the Imperial Eagles:" How long will freemen countenance the wretches who plot to enslave them! If the eyes of our deluded citizens are not to be opened, if their suspicions and fears are not to be excited by the bold disclosure of democratic views, their liberties are not worth preserving. Mean, timid as the Spaniel, spiritless, degenerate as the modern Spaniard, they deserve to be kicked and buffeted, to be made a foot-ball for any upstart despot who thinks it worth his while even to insult them. But, say the democrats, we ought to join France and here are our reasons. "The irregularity and feebleness which characterize the English government, compared with the order & energy of the French, exhibit a most striking contrast, and afford a fine subject for speculation. A lame, superannuated being tottering on his staff, would have as reasonable a chance of discomfiting a man in the prime and strength of life, as England has, of opposing France with ultimate success. Add to the disparity, too, the old man's bearing a burden; the young man none; recollect the overwhelming debt of England, and the well managed funds of France; and your prospects will be the clearer.--"Fiat justitia."

If justice were done, the fugitive traitor who penned the paragraph should be bound hand and foot, and transported to his native country, to receive the reward of the crimes which he may have fled to avoid the punishment of.

These French tories and blood thirsty Jacobins, who recommend submission to Napoleon, vilify our government for receiving the new British minister, and most shamefully slander those citizens of Baltimore, whose hospitality and politeness have induced them to entertain and treat him with civility. The crimes and perfidy of "Copenhagen Jackson," are alledged as good cause to treat him with scorn and contumely. It is an insult to our government, exclaim the emissaries of Napoleon, to appoint such a monster an ambassador to a civilized nation.

Upon this ground, the French Jacobins may be safely met. The character of the British minister wants not defence among men of sense, but who will be found hardy enough to applaud the moral virtues, and advocate the means by which the French minister was raised to distinction. But it is from our purpose to attack the character of public ministers. Those who have the curiosity to hear something of the merits of Gen. Turreau, may consult the history of La Vendee, and learn by what hellish perfidy and inhuman cruelty, the inhabitants were butchered and exterminated. They will discover how the caprice of fortune in contempt of merit, honored and exalted a guilty regicide.

But if the actions of Kings and Envoys are to be investigated before a nation will consent to treat with them, we are bound to take up the gauntlet thrown by French emissaries. Grant that the King of England is a fool; grant that he is "a lame and superannuated being tottering on his staff," and that old age has brought on a second childhood, grant all this and still much more, cannot weightier objections be found to treating with the emperor of France. Let us look into his life, and scrutinize his imperial actions. It is a task from which the heart turns with loathing and disgust, but it must be performed. As the critical moment approaches when the final question will be put to the people, whether they will remain free and defend their rights, or become the vassals of Napoleon, it becomes of infinite importance for the people to be acquainted with the character of their intended master before they enter into his service. There is a sort of discretion, even among slaves by birth, to examine and enquire into the character of a man before they select him as a master.-- If but a choice of calamities is left us, we should at least exercise the privilege to ascertain and select the least.

The true reason why Napoleon Bonaparte, the modern "cut throat of the Empire and the rule," is adored by French tories, and Deified by democratic Jacobins, may be found in the short notice which follows of his crimes and enormities.

Many of our readers may recollect that in the year 1793 Toulon was in the possession of the English. During the siege of that city Bonaparte was recommended to Barras by the general who commanded the Republican army, and was accordingly elevated to the rank of chef de brigade. The shocking cruelties which were committed after the surrender of the city, have scarcely a parallel in the black catalogue of French crimes, and it is well known that Bonaparte arrogated the exclusive merit of these enormities. He issued a proclamation summoning all the French citizens suspected of being connected with the English, to attend at a particular spot upon the pain of death. Nearly two thousand, men, women and children were collected. At a signal, cannon charged with grape shot were fired upon them, and such as were only maimed, were instantly dispatched with the bayonet or the sword. The following is the official letter, boasting of this atrocious deed, which the arch Fiend sent to his employer Barras. Read it, people, and know the temper of this Bonaparte, whom the "Democratic Press" advises you to choose as your master, or in other words, to "cower under the wings of the Imperial Eagles."

"Citizens Representatives,

"Upon the field of glory, my feet inundated with the blood of traitors, I announce to you, with a heart beating with joy, that your orders were executed, and France revenged; neither sex nor age have been spared; those who escaped, or were only mutilated by the discharge of our republican cannon, were dispatched by the swords of liberty and the bayonets of equality.

"Health and admiration,

BRUTUS BONAPARTE,

"Citizen sans-culottes.

"Toulon, 29th Frimaire, year 2."

The discharge of our republican cannon Yes, it is from such monsters and sans-culottes as Bonaparte that our democrats borrow their notions of republicanism and democracy.

The republican Bonaparte committed numerous other ferocious acts to ingratiate himself with the blood-hounds of France. His crimes raised him to the station of second in command of the army of the interior. Italy was the next theatre upon which his deeds of blood and desolation were committed.

The first act of cruelty and perfidy was committed against the duke of Modena. He extorted millions from the duke as the guarantee of his neutrality. But scarcely was the money pocketed and the treaty signed, before the duchy was destroyed, and the unfortunate duke was sent into exile, where he perished.

The next act of outrage and cruel injustice was committed against the Pope. His dominions were violently wrested from him, without provocation, and he sent a prisoner to France, where he either dragged out a miserable existence in a dungeon, or was dispatched by poison or the poniard. The king of Sicily would have suffered a similar fate, but he found his safety in flight. Those who were left behind were dealt with as might have been expected from a robber and a cut throat, without faith, honor, or religion, and who it was well said, unites the atrocity of a demon with the vanity of a child. In no age has any tyrant, not even Nero himself, perpetrated crimes of a more horrid description, than those of Republican Bonaparte.

The next opportunity for Bonaparte to gratify his thirst for blood, and manifest his contempt for religion was afforded by the expedition to Egypt. As soon as he effected a landing, which was done without opposition, he issued a proclamation declaring that "he was come to put an end to the exactions of the Mamelukes," "to put an end to the infamous race of Beys" "to rescue the rights of the poor from the hands of their tyrants," and with a most insulting hypocrisy, added, that "the French respect more than the Mamelukes. GOD, HIS PROPHET & THE KORAN." "Tell the people we are the friend of true musselmen; we dethroned the Pope, who preached that it was necessary to make war against the true believers." &c. He then enjoined prayers to be said as usual. "with glory to the Sultan, glory to the French army HIS FRIENDS, curses to the Mamelukes, and happiness to the people of Egypt."-- Such was the specimen of atheism, treachery and imposture which this perfidious monster gave, prior to his entrance into the city of Alexandria. The scene of murder, carnage and brutal cruelty which followed is known to all Europe.

He did not permit the soldiery to desist from the commission of murder and rapine, until even satiate was glutted with massacre.

The only apology for this imposture was to produce a similar impression by striking terror into every first enemy. All his operations were unnecessary conduct to produce hypocrisy and apostasy, atheism were successively summoned to his aid, that he might the more effectually deceive the inhabitants.

He attempted to produce a belief that he had intercourse with the divinity, "Those who are enemies shall find no refuge in this world or in the world to come-no destiny-the world that will witness all my operations that will come-no day can act when in sequence of orders from above, human efforts are of no avail against me.

Thus like another Mahomet the Impostor, did this sacrilegious cut-throat work upon the superstition of fanatics and bigots. Egypt is made the scene of acts, at the bare mention of which, humanity is shocked and affrighted; deeds so horrible in their nature that mankind will scarcely give credence to their narration. Posterity may disbelieve them, but it is folly for those who live in the present age to discredit or denial them. They who have witnessed or read of the horrors of the French revolution; who are acquainted with the history of a Robespierre, a Carrier, a Danton, and a Marat, and the prodigal effusion of human blood to gratify the vengeance of those revolutionary blood-hounds, will not think it incredible that a wretch of Bonaparte's character could butcher prisoners in cold blood, and poison his own soldiery, when no longer able to aid him in his hellish works.

At Jaffa, nearly four thousand helpless and wretched captives, were fired upon by the orders of Bonaparte, and thus murdered in cold blood. This deed, the bare recital of which is enough to make the blood chill with horror, was quickly followed up by another more shocking. He caused poison to be administered to upwards of five hundred of his own soldiers who had been wounded in battle---in fighting to gain honor and renown for him. their commander. These things may seem an illusion, but they are of record, and when posterity shall read them, they may exclaim with Burke, ages have been crowded into days!

But the measure of Bonaparte's iniquity was not filled. Let those who adore the monster and recommend submission to his will--those who have so lately written and talked so much about Religion and Church bills, attend to what follows. He declared that if he could get possession of JERUSALEM, he would plant the tree of liberty on the spot on which the CROSS OF JESUS stood, and would BURY the first FRENCH GRENADE who should fall in the attack, in the TOMB OF OUR BLESSED SAVIOUR !! This last act of sacrilege terminated the disgraceful campaign in Egypt Bonaparte deserted the army and secretly fled to France, leaving his comrades in terror and consternation. Upon his arrival at Paris, he was received with open arms by all parties; terrorists & royalists, all looked up to him for protection and support.- He very soon subverted the then established government of France, and placed himself at the head of the new government in the character of First Consul. The frauds and impositions which he has since practiced to raise himself to the dignity of an Emperor, are fresh upon the recollection of all. We pass over his acts of perfidy and cruel injustice to foreign countries.

Passing by the atrocities which he committed in Genoa, we will notice his diabolical contrivances to get within his power and destroy the chief, who by his valor and fidelity had preserved to France one of her most important colonies.

Whilst holding out the right hand of friendship to the colonists of St. Domingo, the abhorred tyrant violated his plighted honor, by arresting and murdering general Toussaint. This instance of treachery and villainy ought not to be the less detested, because a sable chieftain was the wretched victim.

The next notable occurrence in the life of this political Judas; this apostate and blasphemer, who alternately renounced the holy home to-day and worshiped the Pope to-morrow, was, by the religious Concordat, to declare his disbelief in all religions.

Even after this he sacrilegiously claimed the dis-religions, while he profanely and impiously discountenanced the worship of God and violated his altars. Restorer of all

and enormities of Napoleon Bonaparte To give a regular detail of the cruel rid would swell into a volume. Millions of his fellow creatures have been slain, and rivers of blood shed to gratify his insatiable ambition. The most meritorious and patriotic Frenchmen have been assassinated, buried alive, or driven into exile, to appease his vengeance. Kings have been kidnapped, governments overthrown, and nations almost depopulated, to make way for his relations and extend his power over the whole globe. As to his recent and unparalleled perfidy towards Spain, the circumstances are too well known to require a recital. It will not only serve as an awful warning to all the nations of Europe, but Americans may profit by the example.
Such is the character of the tyrant, the hypocrite and blasphemer under the wings of whose Imperial Eagles Americans are to be told to cower. They who can read such advice with patience, and without burning with rage at the idea of becoming the base vassals and supple tools of such a monster as Napoleon Bonaparte, are unworthy the name of freemen.
The things which we have written of this scourge of the universe are no fictions, and since the question is propounded to the American people, whether they will suffer themselves to be chained to the Imperial Car, it is the business of all of us to make ourselves acquainted with the character and disposition of our proposed king and master. The people of this country, however they may be persuaded to believe these things fabrications, and that Napoleon is a good honest man, that he is the "friend of America" and is "fighting her battles." yet they are not without some little knowledge, derived from hard experience, of the injustice and perfidy of the tyrant.-- They know that in contempt of a solemn treaty, then in existence, he violated their rights, seized burned or confiscated their property--that he treats our minister with indignity, and peremptorily refuses us justice unless we unite with him in his war of extermination. All these things are within the knowledge of the people themselves, and they have severely felt that it is no fiction; they know too that there are amongst us, men who would sell their country to this tyrant to-morrow if it were in their power. Knowing these things, and daily feeling their effects, what excuse is there for their shameful indifference to their situation and coward passiveness to wrong and insult? One thing at least is within their power. They can crush the detested faction which is the cause of our danger, and secretly plots to bring us under the galling yoke of a blood-stained usurper. The crisis draws nearer and nearer. We have not long to deliberate--Unless the people are awakened to a just sense of their danger; they will find this free and prosperous country a province of France. And that things may be brought to a speedy issue is our fervent prayer. We are tired of remaining in this state of tormenting suspense. If a French king is to be sent amongst us, let him come at once, that the scene of war and bloodshed may be brought to a close--for there will be resistance. There are those who love liberty, and will not be slaves.

What sub-type of article is it?

Foreign Affairs Partisan Politics War Or Peace

What keywords are associated?

Napoleon Critique French Tyranny American Liberty Democratic Betrayal War Neutrality Bonaparte Atrocities Foreign Influence

What entities or persons were involved?

Napoleon Bonaparte Democratic Editors British Minister Jackson General Turreau Toussaint L'ouverture Barras

Editorial Details

Primary Topic

Critique Of Napoleon Bonaparte And Warning Against Submission To French Tyranny

Stance / Tone

Strongly Anti Napoleon And Anti Democratic, Exhorting American Resistance To Preserve Liberty

Key Figures

Napoleon Bonaparte Democratic Editors British Minister Jackson General Turreau Toussaint L'ouverture Barras

Key Arguments

Napoleon Corrupts, Divides, And Terrifies Nations Us Government Influenced By French Tyranny Democratic Calls To 'Cower Under Bonaparte's Eagles' Are Treasonous England's Weaknesses Do Not Justify Allying With France Napoleon's Atrocities In Toulon, Italy, Egypt, And Elsewhere Prove His Monstrous Character Americans Must Resist French Influence To Avoid Subjugation Recent French Seizures Of Us Property Violate Treaties Crush The Democratic Faction To Avert Crisis

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