Richmond Planet

The colossal memorial being carved here by Gutzon Borglum, sculptor, shown directing drillers from granite boulder at the left, one mile above the valley below.

CALVIN COOLIDGE'S famous 500-word history of the United States will be chiseled on this mountain-side as part of

Gutzon Borglum, who is carving the world's largest sculpture on Mount Rushmore, in the Black Hills, by resuming work the latter part of April will have the head of Washington and probably Jefferson ready for unveiling and dedication by July 4. The memorial carving, when completed, will show four heads of presidents-- Washington, the founder; Jefferson, the expansionist; Lincoln, who preserved the Union, and Roosevelt, who fulfilled Columbus' dream of a western passage to India, by the opening of the Panama Canal. It will also include a digest of the Declaration of

Independence and digest of the Constitution written by Calvin Coolidge. Mr. Borglum expects to complete carving and all inscriptions in four years.

An experienced marble carver himself, he designs and directs personally all work. He is a highly skilled engineer, and has himself solved the intricate and seemingly insurmountable tasks presented in colossal mountain sculpture thousands of feet removed from his power plant. He determines the size of the sculpture and its location. These two items, Mr. Borglum states, are the most difficult.

"Mount Rushmore was chosen," he said, "because it has not been exposed to the air and destructive elements of heat and cold as many million years as other rocky peaks, and because it lies on its bed and for that reason sheds destructive moisture. Geologists estimate Rushmore will hold the carved forms a half-million years.

It is one of the most eastern peaks of the Harney Range in the Black Hills, the Druid Hills of America. In the days of the ancient Sioux it was the home of their gods. In our day it becomes a memorial to America's great."