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Foreign News March 10, 1758

The New Hampshire Gazette

Portsmouth, Rockingham County, New Hampshire

What is this article about?

London Gazette reports a bloody battle on November 22 near Breslau: Austrian forces under Prince Charles attacked Prussian entrenchments held by Prince of Bevern, forcing a retreat after intense fighting with heavy casualties on both sides (Austrians ~20,000, Prussians 3-4,000). Bevern captured; Breslau capitulates.

Merged-components note: Multiple sequential reports from different sources on the same battle near Breslau involving Prussians and Austrians; merged into a single coherent foreign_news component focused on this event.

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From the LONDON GAZETTE.

Extract of a Letter from the Imperial Army near Breslau, November 25.

"Notwithstanding the different Motions of our Army for several Days, the Prince of Bevern did not stir. On the 20th he had already sent the Baggage of his Army into Breslau; at last, on the 22d, we attempted to dislodge him by Force.

"The Cannonade, which was one of the most violent that ever was heard, (we having made use of Forty 24 Pounders, besides other Pieces of a smaller Bore) began at Half an Hour past Nine o'Clock in the Morning, and continued 'til One, when the Fire of the Small Arms began, which was the sharpest I ever saw. At last we carried our Point, by clearing the Redoubts, Defiles, Morasses, and whatever other Opposition Art and Nature had thought fit to oppose to us.

The Resistance of the Enemy was most obstinate; but at last they found themselves obliged to yield to Numbers, and to abandon the Village of Pilzenitz. Our Right did not meet with such Resistance as the Left, where the Fire began; for the Enemy, at the very Beginning, drew the greatest Part of their Troops towards the Right, and there concentred their Force. The Fire of the Small Arms lasted till Five o'Clock in the Evening, when the Enemy began to retire towards Breslau. One Part of the Army threw themselves into the City, and the rest posted themselves under the Cannon. Night prevented any further Progress. three different Times, and the Defiles prevented our extending ourselves.

"We have lost a great Number of Men; the Enemy rallied themselves, and caused now and then some Disorder, of which the Prussians availed themselves. Hitherto I have only seen 22 Pieces of Cannon, 3 Mortars, and 4 Colours, that we have taken, but it is to the Head-Quarters. I do not mention the Wounded, because I said there are more. 1600 Prisoners, including Deserters, are brought. In this Article, we have more than they. Our Loss is by no Means inconsiderable. General Wurben is killed; Lieut. General Clerici, and Majors General O'Keith, Mayern, Gemmingen, and Reichel, are wounded; M. Keith, Master General of the Ordnance, has had his Arm Shattered. The Prussian Deserters say, that Prince Francis of Brunswick, the Prince of Wirtemberg, and General Schultz, are wounded. The Body of the Prussian General Kleist was found on the Field of Battle. The next Day the Enemy passed the Oder, and are marching towards Glogau, after having left a Garrison at Breslau. The Prince of Bevern, Commander in Chief of the Prussian army, having been to reconnoitre us, had the Misfortune to fall in the Hands of a Body of Croats, who were in General Beck's advanced posts. He is made prisoner of war, and carried to Stablowitz, where Marshal Daun's Quarters formerly were, and is guarded by a Lieutenant and thirty Men. He is treated with every Mark of Distinction that his Birth and character, and eminent Qualities, deserve. You may easily imagine we are not sorry for this Accident; for he cuts us out a deal of Work. Last Night the City of Breslau desired to capitulate. The Garrison which is said to be 3000 Men strong, under the Orders of General Lefwitz, Governor of Breslau, is to march out this Day with all Military Honours. It is not to serve against the Empress or her allies for two Years. All the Magazines, Chests, &c. remain in our Hands.--This is all I know at present of the Capitulation of Breslau."
Extract of a Letter from Vienna, dated November 26.

"Several Couriers, dispatched by Prince Charles, have brought the News of his Royal Highness's having attacked the Prince of Bevern on the 22d Inst. and forced his Intrenchments. This News at first occasioned great Joy at Court; but was much allay'd by the particulars of the action, the most bloody that History can furnish an Instance of. People whisper each other, that, with such another Victory, there would be an End of the Austrian Army. It cost the Lives of Twenty Thousand Austrians. The Court endeavours, in vain, to palliate this Loss; for it is easy to be seen, that they repent having given Orders to attack the Prussians, who made such a Resistance, as was not expected, notwithstanding the many Proofs they have already given of their Spirit and Bravery. In short, several Generals of the Army have wrote, that the Number of the Slain was equal to the whole Prussian Army before the Battle. This will not be difficult to be believed, when it is known, that the Heat of the Action lasted from about 11 o'Clock, to six in the Evening, and that four inaccessible Intrenchments were to be forced, planted thick with Cannon, which fired Cartridge Shot from nine in the Morning, till the Evening. The Prussians were never put in Confusion; and retreated in good Order. Their Loss is not computed at above 3000 or 4000 Men, in killed, wounded, and Prisoners. These are the only Particulars as yet come to Hand of this bloody Battle, which does as much Honour to the Prussians as to the Austrians. Some Letters even assure, that the Prince of Bevern only retreated to spare his Men."
LONDON.
Dec. 13. As to the battle of the 22d we hear by private letters from Holland, the Prussians repulsed the Austrians five times; and the Prince of Bevern, thinking the affair was over, dispatched a courier to the King of Prussia, advising him, that he had beat the Austrians; which advice being directly forwarded to England, occasioned the report last Thursday, that the Prussians had gained a complete Victory: But the same Letters now inform us, that the Austrians returned to the charge in the afternoon, and after four other vigorous attacks, forced the Prussians to abandon their intrenchments, and retire towards the King of Prussia's army, which was then within two or three days march of Breslau. The Prince of Bevern, bringing up the rear of the retreating troops, as every brave experienced General does, was carried off by a party of Nadasty's light horse.

By other letters from Holland by yesterday's mail we are informed, that the Austrians made no less than eight several attacks on the Prussians, under the command of the Prince of Bevern, and that they were as many times repulsed with great loss, and were at last obliged to desist from their Attempt. And that two days after the retreat of the Prince of Bevern, the King of Prussia had joined his forces, marched and attacked Count Daun, and gained a complete victory.

What sub-type of article is it?

Military Campaign War Report

What keywords are associated?

Battle Of Breslau Prince Of Bevern Austrian Prussian War Heavy Casualties Breslau Capitulation Prince Charles Attack

What entities or persons were involved?

Prince Of Bevern Prince Charles General Wurben Lieut. General Clerici Majors General O'keith Mayern Gemmingen Reichel M. Keith Prince Francis Of Brunswick Prince Of Wirtemberg General Schultz General Kleist General Lefwitz Marshal Daun Count Daun King Of Prussia

Where did it happen?

Breslau

Foreign News Details

Primary Location

Breslau

Event Date

November 22

Key Persons

Prince Of Bevern Prince Charles General Wurben Lieut. General Clerici Majors General O'keith Mayern Gemmingen Reichel M. Keith Prince Francis Of Brunswick Prince Of Wirtemberg General Schultz General Kleist General Lefwitz Marshal Daun Count Daun King Of Prussia

Outcome

austrians lost ~20,000 men; prussians 3,000-4,000 killed, wounded, prisoners. 22 cannon, 3 mortars, 4 colours, 1,600 prisoners taken by austrians. general wurben killed; several generals wounded on both sides. prince of bevern captured. breslau garrison (3,000 men) capitulates, marches out with honors, not to serve against empress/allies for 2 years.

Event Details

Austrian forces attacked Prussian entrenchments near Breslau on November 22, starting with heavy cannonade from 9:30 AM, followed by small arms fire until 5 PM. Prussians resisted obstinately, abandoning Pilzenitz village after multiple assaults. Prussians retreated to Breslau, later crossing Oder toward Glogau. Bevern captured by Croats during reconnaissance. Breslau capitulated the next night. Conflicting reports from Vienna and Holland detail intense fighting, multiple repulses, and heavy Austrian losses despite victory.

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